Rewarding stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) increases Fos-like immunoreactivity in many brain areas, including an ipsilateral, basal forebrain region extending from the medial preoptic area (MPO) to the lateral preoptic area, and substantia innominata. Excitotoxic lesions of the lateral portion of this region have been found to produce large sustained or transient increases in the number of pulses required to maintain half-maximal lever-pressing (required number of pulses) for MFB stimulation. In the present study, changes in self-stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus and ventral tegmental area were assessed following excitotoxic lesions of more medial structures, including the MPO and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Increases in the required number of pulses (up to 0.16 log10 units) were seen in only 2 of 10 subjects. In two other rats, the reward effectiveness of the stimulation was moderately increased after the lesion as manifested in decreases of up to 0.14 log10 units in the required number. No appreciable change from baseline was seen in the remaining six subjects. The simplest interpretation of these results is that neurons with cell bodies in the medial portion of the basal forebrain may make a smaller contribution to the rewarding effect of MFB stimulation than neurons in the lateral portion.