In vitro susceptibility of African Plasmodium falciparum isolates to dihydroartemisinin and the risk factors for resistance to qinghaosu. 1998

J Le Bras
Centre National de Référence pour la Chimiosensibilité du Paludisme, Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université Paris V, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris. jacques.lebras@bch.ap-hop-paris.fr

In vitro susceptibility to dihydroartemisinin (DHART) and to artemether of 476 Plasmodium falciparum fresh clinical isolates obtained from non immune travellers returning from Africa to France in 1993-1996 were analysed to search for natural resistance and cross resistance of these compounds with available antimalarials. The mean median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for artemether and DHART were 2.69 nM and 1.17 nM, respectively. Nineteen isolates presented with a decreased IC50 to artemether or DHART. Chloroquine-resistant isolates were more susceptible to artemether (2.15 versus 3.26 nM) and DHART (0.876 versus 1.51 nM) than chloroquine-susceptible ones. Artemether and DHART responses were correlated (r2 = 0.599). The isolates identified as resistant to DHART or artemether in this study had IC50's close to the cut-off and limited cross-resistant profiles.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010616 Phenanthrenes POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS composed of three fused BENZENE rings.
D010963 Plasmodium falciparum A species of protozoa that is the causal agent of falciparum malaria (MALARIA, FALCIPARUM). It is most prevalent in the tropics and subtropics. Plasmodium falciparums,falciparums, Plasmodium
D002738 Chloroquine The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses. Aralen,Arechine,Arequin,Chingamin,Chlorochin,Chloroquine Sulfate,Chloroquine Sulphate,Khingamin,Nivaquine,Sulfate, Chloroquine,Sulphate, Chloroquine
D003429 Cross Reactions Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen. Cross Reaction,Reaction, Cross,Reactions, Cross
D004351 Drug Resistance Diminished or failed response of an organism, disease or tissue to the intended effectiveness of a chemical or drug. It should be differentiated from DRUG TOLERANCE which is the progressive diminution of the susceptibility of a human or animal to the effects of a drug, as a result of continued administration. Resistance, Drug
D004353 Drug Evaluation, Preclinical Preclinical testing of drugs in experimental animals or in vitro for their biological and toxic effects and potential clinical applications. Drug Screening,Evaluation Studies, Drug, Pre-Clinical,Drug Evaluation Studies, Preclinical,Drug Evaluations, Preclinical,Evaluation Studies, Drug, Preclinical,Evaluation, Preclinical Drug,Evaluations, Preclinical Drug,Medicinal Plants Testing, Preclinical,Preclinical Drug Evaluation,Preclinical Drug Evaluations,Drug Screenings,Screening, Drug,Screenings, Drug
D005602 France A country in western Europe bordered by the Atlantic Ocean, the English Channel, the Mediterranean Sea, and the countries of Belgium, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, the principalities of Andorra and Monaco, and by the duchy of Luxembourg. Its capital is Paris. Corsica,Saint Pierre and Miquelon,Miquelon and Saint Pierre,Miquelon and St. Pierre,St. Pierre and Miquelon
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000349 Africa The continent south of EUROPE, east of the ATLANTIC OCEAN and west of the INDIAN OCEAN.
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

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