Biomaterial Database

Molecular fingerprinting of mupirocin-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from a burn unit. 1998

E E Udo, and V S Farook, and E M Mokadas, and L E Jacob, and S C Sanyal

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait. EDET@hsc.kuniv.edu.kw

OBJECTIVE To characterize mupirocin-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from patients in a burn unit by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and plasmid contents. METHODS A total of 53 methicillin-resistant S. aureus, consisting of 48 mupirocin-resistant and 5 mupirocin-susceptible MRSA were compared by plasmid content and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of Sma I digested genomic DNA. RESULTS Of the 48 mupirocin-resistant isolates, 39 expressed high-level, and 9 expressed low-level mupirocin resistance. Plasmids were detected in all of the 53 isolates; however, only the high-level mupirocin-resistant isolates contained a 38 kb-conjugative plasmid that encoded high-level mupirocin resistance. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis divided the isolates into four patterns designated types I to IV. Forty-three isolates consisting of 34 high-level, 5 low-level mupirocin-resistant and 4 mupirocin-susceptible isolates defined the type-I pattern. Eight isolates, five high-level and three low-level mupirocin-resistant isolates had the type-II pulsed-field pattern. The type-III and type-IV pulsed-field patterns consisted of a single isolate each. The type-I and type-II pulsed-field patterns were related and only differed by four Sma I bands. CONCLUSIONS Results of typing the mupirocin-resistant MRSA from the burn unit with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis indicated that closely related MRSA clones previously circulating in the unit had acquired a high-level mupirocin-resistant plasmid, and spread aided by mupirocin use.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010957	Plasmids	Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.	Episomes,Episome,Plasmid
D002053	Burn Units	Specialized hospital facilities which provide intensive care for burn patients.	Burn Centers,Burn Center,Burn Unit,Center, Burn,Centers, Burn,Unit, Burn,Units, Burn
D004352	Drug Resistance, Microbial	The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).	Antibiotic Resistance,Antibiotic Resistance, Microbial,Antimicrobial Resistance, Drug,Antimicrobial Drug Resistance,Antimicrobial Drug Resistances,Antimicrobial Resistances, Drug,Drug Antimicrobial Resistance,Drug Antimicrobial Resistances,Drug Resistances, Microbial,Resistance, Antibiotic,Resistance, Drug Antimicrobial,Resistances, Drug Antimicrobial
D005798	Genes, Bacterial	The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.	Bacterial Gene,Bacterial Genes,Gene, Bacterial
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000900	Anti-Bacterial Agents	Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.	Anti-Bacterial Agent,Anti-Bacterial Compound,Anti-Mycobacterial Agent,Antibacterial Agent,Antibiotics,Antimycobacterial Agent,Bacteriocidal Agent,Bacteriocide,Anti-Bacterial Compounds,Anti-Mycobacterial Agents,Antibacterial Agents,Antibiotic,Antimycobacterial Agents,Bacteriocidal Agents,Bacteriocides,Agent, Anti-Bacterial,Agent, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agent, Antibacterial,Agent, Antimycobacterial,Agent, Bacteriocidal,Agents, Anti-Bacterial,Agents, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agents, Antibacterial,Agents, Antimycobacterial,Agents, Bacteriocidal,Anti Bacterial Agent,Anti Bacterial Agents,Anti Bacterial Compound,Anti Bacterial Compounds,Anti Mycobacterial Agent,Anti Mycobacterial Agents,Compound, Anti-Bacterial,Compounds, Anti-Bacterial
D013211	Staphylococcus aureus	Potentially pathogenic bacteria found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum of warm-blooded animals. They may cause a wide range of infections and intoxications.
D016106	Methicillin Resistance	Non-susceptibility of a microbe to the action of METHICILLIN, a semi-synthetic penicillin derivative.	Methicillin-Resistant,Methicillin Resistant,Resistance, Methicillin
D016172	DNA Fingerprinting	A technique for identifying individuals of a species that is based on the uniqueness of their DNA sequence. Uniqueness is determined by identifying which combination of allelic variations occur in the individual at a statistically relevant number of different loci. In forensic studies, RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM of multiple, highly polymorphic VNTR LOCI or MICROSATELLITE REPEAT loci are analyzed. The number of loci used for the profile depends on the ALLELE FREQUENCY in the population.	DNA Fingerprints,DNA Profiling,DNA Typing,Genetic Fingerprinting,DNA Fingerprint,DNA Fingerprintings,DNA Profilings,DNA Typings,Fingerprint, DNA,Fingerprinting, DNA,Fingerprinting, Genetic,Fingerprintings, DNA,Fingerprintings, Genetic,Fingerprints, DNA,Genetic Fingerprintings,Profiling, DNA,Typing, DNA,Typings, DNA
D016521	Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field	Gel electrophoresis in which the direction of the electric field is changed periodically. This technique is similar to other electrophoretic methods normally used to separate double-stranded DNA molecules ranging in size up to tens of thousands of base-pairs. However, by alternating the electric field direction one is able to separate DNA molecules up to several million base-pairs in length.	Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field Gradient,Gel Electrophoresis, Pulsed-Field,Contour-Clamped Homogeneous-Field Gel Electrophoresis,Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed Field,Electrophoresis, Pulsed Field Gel,Field Inversion Gel Electrophoresis,Orthogonal Field Alternation Gel Electrophoresis,Orthogonal-Field Alternation-Gel Electrophoresis,Pulsed Field Gradient Gel Electrophoresis,Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis,Pulsed-Field Gradient Gel Electrophoresis,Alternation-Gel Electrophoresis, Orthogonal-Field,Contour Clamped Homogeneous Field Gel Electrophoresis,Electrophoresis, Orthogonal-Field Alternation-Gel,Electrophoresis, Pulsed-Field Gel,Gel Electrophoresis, Pulsed Field,Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis