Biomaterial Database

In situ detection of superoxide anions within porcine articular cartilage. 1998

T S Hiran, and P J Moulton, and J T Hancock

Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics (Hematology/Oncology), James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis 46202, USA.

Cartilage was isolated from pig articular joints, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by chondrocytes embedded within the cartilage was assessed by two methods: the reduction of nitro blue tetrazolium and by the use of diaminobenzidine in the presence of manganese ions. Little constitutive generation of ROS was seen, but it could be detected after the addition of the calcium ionophore ionomycin. Further, the response seen was extremely heterogeneous; some cells showed a far greater release of ROS than others. Cells arranged in the columnar arrays of the deep zone were the most active, while those furthest from the cartilage/bone interface (i.e. nearer to the outer face of the cartilage) were unresponsive. Chondrocytes cultured in alginate beads also showed a similar heterogeneity in their response, suggesting that the isolation of these cells and the measurement of ROS production in a population is not representative of the true situation.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D002358	Cartilage, Articular	A protective layer of firm, flexible cartilage over the articulating ends of bones. It provides a smooth surface for joint movement, protecting the ends of long bones from wear at points of contact.	Articular Cartilage,Articular Cartilages,Cartilages, Articular
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013552	Swine	Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).	Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog
D017382	Reactive Oxygen Species	Molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. These reactive oxygen intermediates include SINGLET OXYGEN; SUPEROXIDES; PEROXIDES; HYDROXYL RADICAL; and HYPOCHLOROUS ACID. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of PHAGOCYTES, regulation of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION and GENE EXPRESSION, and the oxidative damage to NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS.	Active Oxygen Species,Oxygen Radical,Oxygen Radicals,Pro-Oxidant,Reactive Oxygen Intermediates,Active Oxygen,Oxygen Species, Reactive,Pro-Oxidants,Oxygen, Active,Pro Oxidant,Pro Oxidants,Radical, Oxygen
D018929	Cell Culture Techniques	Methods for maintaining or growing CELLS in vitro.	Cell Culture,Cell Culture Technique,Cell Cultures,Culture Technique, Cell,Culture Techniques, Cell
D019902	Chondrocytes	Polymorphic cells that form cartilage.	Chondroblasts,Chondroblast,Chondrocyte