Biomaterial Database

Natural killer cell activation and inhibition by receptors for MHC class I. 1999

M López-Botet, and T Bellón

Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain. mlbotet/princesa@hup.es

Several recent advances have been made in our understanding of the mechanisms which human natural killer cells recognize MHC class I molecules. Three are of special relevance: the identification of a novel molecule (DAP12) with a key role in the activation pathways; the observation that certain immunoglobulin-like receptors for HLA class I molecules are also utilized by other leucocyte lineages; and the definition of MHC class Ib proteins (i.e. HLA-E and Qa-1b) as specific ligands for the phylogenetically conserved CD94-NKG2 lectin-like receptors.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007694	Killer Cells, Natural	Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.	NK Cells,Natural Killer Cells,Cell, NK,Cell, Natural Killer,Cells, NK,Cells, Natural Killer,Killer Cell, Natural,NK Cell,Natural Killer Cell
D008213	Lymphocyte Activation	Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.	Blast Transformation,Blastogenesis,Lymphoblast Transformation,Lymphocyte Stimulation,Lymphocyte Transformation,Transformation, Blast,Transformation, Lymphoblast,Transformation, Lymphocyte,Activation, Lymphocyte,Stimulation, Lymphocyte
D008562	Membrane Glycoproteins	Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.	Cell Surface Glycoproteins,Surface Glycoproteins,Cell Surface Glycoprotein,Membrane Glycoprotein,Surface Glycoprotein,Glycoprotein, Cell Surface,Glycoprotein, Membrane,Glycoprotein, Surface,Glycoproteins, Cell Surface,Glycoproteins, Membrane,Glycoproteins, Surface,Surface Glycoprotein, Cell,Surface Glycoproteins, Cell
D011971	Receptors, Immunologic	Cell surface molecules on cells of the immune system that specifically bind surface molecules or messenger molecules and trigger changes in the behavior of cells. Although these receptors were first identified in the immune system, many have important functions elsewhere.	Immunologic Receptors,Immunologic Receptor,Immunological Receptors,Receptor, Immunologic,Receptors, Immunological
D006680	HLA Antigens	Antigens determined by leukocyte loci found on chromosome 6, the major histocompatibility loci in humans. They are polypeptides or glycoproteins found on most nucleated cells and platelets, determine tissue types for transplantation, and are associated with certain diseases.	Human Leukocyte Antigen,Human Leukocyte Antigens,Leukocyte Antigens,HL-A Antigens,Antigen, Human Leukocyte,Antigens, HL-A,Antigens, HLA,Antigens, Human Leukocyte,Antigens, Leukocyte,HL A Antigens,Leukocyte Antigen, Human,Leukocyte Antigens, Human
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000075362	Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor B1	A receptor for HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS CLASS I that also functions as a receptor for the UL18 protein, an MHC class I homolog expressed by human CYTOMEGALOVIRUS. It consists of four Ig-like C2 domains and is expressed primarily by B-cells and MONOCYTES, as well as DENDRITIC CELLS; its interaction with MHC1 functions to down-regulate the immune response.	CD85 Antigen,CD85J Antigen,ILT2 Protein,Immunoglobulin-like Transcript 2 Protein,LILRB1,LIR-1 Protein,Leukocyte Ig-like Receptor B1,Antigen, CD85,Antigen, CD85J,Immunoglobulin like Transcript 2 Protein,LIR 1 Protein,Leukocyte Ig like Receptor B1,Leukocyte Immunoglobulin like Receptor B1
D000097625	HLA-E Antigens	Class I human histocompatibility (HLA) antigens encoded by genes at the E locus on chromosome 6. They bind a restricted subset of peptides derived from the leader peptides of other class I molecules. They primarily are involved with down-regulating cytolytic activity of NK CELLS and restricting non-canonical CD8-POSITIVE T LYMPHOCYTES.	HLA E Antigens,HLA E0101 antigen,HLA-E 0103 antigen,HLA-E0101 antigen,HLA-E0103,HLA-E01:01 antigen,HLA-E*01:03 antigen
D015395	Histocompatibility Antigens Class I	Membrane glycoproteins consisting of an alpha subunit and a BETA 2-MICROGLOBULIN beta subunit. In humans, highly polymorphic genes on CHROMOSOME 6 encode the alpha subunits of class I antigens and play an important role in determining the serological specificity of the surface antigen. Class I antigens are found on most nucleated cells and are generally detected by their reactivity with alloantisera. These antigens are recognized during GRAFT REJECTION and restrict cell-mediated lysis of virus-infected cells.	Class I Antigen,Class I Antigens,Class I Histocompatibility Antigen,Class I MHC Protein,Class I Major Histocompatibility Antigen,MHC Class I Molecule,MHC-I Peptide,Class I Histocompatibility Antigens,Class I Human Antigens,Class I MHC Proteins,Class I Major Histocompatibility Antigens,Class I Major Histocompatibility Molecules,Human Class I Antigens,MHC Class I Molecules,MHC-I Molecules,MHC-I Peptides,Antigen, Class I,Antigens, Class I,I Antigen, Class,MHC I Molecules,MHC I Peptide,MHC I Peptides,Molecules, MHC-I,Peptide, MHC-I,Peptides, MHC-I
D015703	Antigens, CD	Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.	CD Antigen,Cluster of Differentiation Antigen,Cluster of Differentiation Marker,Differentiation Antigens, Leukocyte, Human,Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens, Human,Cluster of Differentiation Antigens,Cluster of Differentiation Markers,Antigen Cluster, Differentiation,Antigen, CD,CD Antigens,Differentiation Antigen Cluster,Differentiation Marker Cluster,Marker Cluster, Differentiation