Cell-specific localization of G protein alpha-subunits in the islets of Langerhans. 1999

G Skoglund, and A Basmaciogullari, and B Rouot, and J C Marie, and G Rosselin
Unité de Recherche sur les Peptides Neurodigestifs et le Diabète, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 55, 75571 Paris Cedex 12, France.

G protein alpha-subunits are involved in the transduction of receptor-mediated regulation of insulin and glucagon secretions. To get further insight into the status of G proteins in alpha- and beta-cells of the Langerhans islets, we have used immunohistochemistry to study the distribution of alpha-subunits in pancreas sections from the rat. Our results show that only insulin-immunoreactive beta-cells display immunoreactivity for selective antibodies directed against the different members of the Galphas and Galpha12-families (alphas, alphaolf, and alpha12, alpha13 respectively). Immunoreactivities for antibodies directed against members of the Galphaq- and Galphai-families showed a more diverse localization: alpha11 and alphao2 were only detected in glucagon-immunoreactive alpha-cells, whereas alphai1 was detected in all beta-cells but only in a few alpha-cells. Even though beta-cells showed immunoreactivities for alphao-non-isoform-selective antibodies, we could not identify the isoform(s) present using selective alphao1 and alphao2 antibodies. Other members of the Galphai- and Galphaq-families (alphai3, alphat2, alphaz and alphaq) were detected in both alpha- and beta-cells. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate a clear difference in the localization of G protein alpha-subunits between alpha- and beta-cells, suggesting the involvement of specific receptor transduction pathways for the neuronal/hormonal regulation of alpha- and beta-cell functions.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007150 Immunohistochemistry Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents. Immunocytochemistry,Immunogold Techniques,Immunogold-Silver Techniques,Immunohistocytochemistry,Immunolabeling Techniques,Immunogold Technics,Immunogold-Silver Technics,Immunolabeling Technics,Immunogold Silver Technics,Immunogold Silver Techniques,Immunogold Technic,Immunogold Technique,Immunogold-Silver Technic,Immunogold-Silver Technique,Immunolabeling Technic,Immunolabeling Technique,Technic, Immunogold,Technic, Immunogold-Silver,Technic, Immunolabeling,Technics, Immunogold,Technics, Immunogold-Silver,Technics, Immunolabeling,Technique, Immunogold,Technique, Immunogold-Silver,Technique, Immunolabeling,Techniques, Immunogold,Techniques, Immunogold-Silver,Techniques, Immunolabeling
D007515 Islets of Langerhans Irregular microscopic structures consisting of cords of endocrine cells that are scattered throughout the PANCREAS among the exocrine acini. Each islet is surrounded by connective tissue fibers and penetrated by a network of capillaries. There are four major cell types. The most abundant beta cells (50-80%) secrete INSULIN. Alpha cells (5-20%) secrete GLUCAGON. PP cells (10-35%) secrete PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE. Delta cells (~5%) secrete SOMATOSTATIN. Islands of Langerhans,Islet Cells,Nesidioblasts,Pancreas, Endocrine,Pancreatic Islets,Cell, Islet,Cells, Islet,Endocrine Pancreas,Islet Cell,Islet, Pancreatic,Islets, Pancreatic,Langerhans Islands,Langerhans Islets,Nesidioblast,Pancreatic Islet
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D019204 GTP-Binding Proteins Regulatory proteins that act as molecular switches. They control a wide range of biological processes including: receptor signaling, intracellular signal transduction pathways, and protein synthesis. Their activity is regulated by factors that control their ability to bind to and hydrolyze GTP to GDP. EC 3.6.1.-. G-Proteins,GTP-Regulatory Proteins,Guanine Nucleotide Regulatory Proteins,G-Protein,GTP-Binding Protein,GTP-Regulatory Protein,Guanine Nucleotide Coupling Protein,G Protein,G Proteins,GTP Binding Protein,GTP Binding Proteins,GTP Regulatory Protein,GTP Regulatory Proteins,Protein, GTP-Binding,Protein, GTP-Regulatory,Proteins, GTP-Binding,Proteins, GTP-Regulatory
D019206 GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go A family of heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein alpha subunits that were originally identified by their ability to inhibit ADENYLYL CYCLASES. Members of this family can couple to beta and gamma G-protein subunits that activate POTASSIUM CHANNELS. The Gi-Go part of the name is also spelled Gi/Go. G-Protein, Gi-Go alpha Family,G-Protein, Inhibitory Gi,Gi, Inhibitory G-Protein,G Protein Go,G Protein Subunit alphaoA,G Protein Subunit alphaoC,G(o) Protein,G(o1)alpha,G-Protein, Gi Subunit,G-Protein, Gi-Go Subunits,G-Protein, Go Subunit,G-Protein, Go1 Subunit,G-Protein, Inhibitory Go,GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Gi,GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Go,GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Go1,GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, GoA,GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, GoC,Gi alpha Subunit,Gi-Alpha Protein,Gi-Go G-Proteins,Go Alpha Subunit,Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein Go,Ni Protein,Alpha Subunit, Go,G Protein, Gi Go Subunits,G Protein, Gi Go alpha Family,G Protein, Gi Subunit,G Protein, Go Subunit,G Protein, Go1 Subunit,G Protein, Inhibitory Gi,G Protein, Inhibitory Go,G-Proteins, Gi-Go,GTP Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Gi,GTP Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Go,GTP Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Go1,GTP Binding Protein alpha Subunit, GoA,GTP Binding Protein alpha Subunit, GoC,GTP Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi Go,Gi Alpha Protein,Gi G-Protein, Inhibitory,Gi Go G Proteins,Gi Subunit G-Protein,Gi, Inhibitory G Protein,Gi-Go Subunits G-Protein,Go G-Protein, Inhibitory,Go Subunit G-Protein,Go, G Protein,Go1 Subunit G-Protein,Guanine Nucleotide Binding Protein Go,Inhibitory G-Protein Gi,Inhibitory Gi G-Protein,Inhibitory Go G-Protein,Subunit G-Protein, Gi,Subunit G-Protein, Go,Subunit G-Protein, Go1,Subunit, Gi alpha,Subunit, Go Alpha,Subunits G-Protein, Gi-Go,alpha Subunit, Gi

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