Biomaterial Database

Resveratrol, melatonin, vitamin E, and PBN protect against renal oxidative DNA damage induced by the kidney carcinogen KBrO3. 1999

S Cadenas, and G Barja

Department of Animal Biology-II (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.

Free radical scavengers can protect against the genotoxicity induced by chemical carcinogens by decreasing oxidative damage. The protective effect of the antioxidants melatonin, resveratrol, vitamin E, butylated hydroxytoluene and 2-mercaptoethylamine, and the spin-trapping compound alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN) against oxidative DNA damage was studied in the kidney of rats treated with the kidney-specific carcinogen potassium bromate (KBrO3). KBrO3 was given to rats previously treated with melatonin, resveratrol, PBN, vitamin E, butylated hydroxytoluene, or 2-mercaptoethylamine. Oxidative damage to kidney DNA was estimated 6 hours afterwards by measuring 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (oxo8dG) referred to deoxyguanosine (dG) by means of high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical-coulometric and ultraviolet detection. Levels of oxo8dG in the renal genomic DNA significantly increased by more than 100% after the KBrO3 treatment. This increase was completely abolished by the treatment with resveratrol and was partially prevented by melatonin, PBN and vitamin E. Resveratrol and PBN also prevented the increase in relative kidney weight induced by KBrO3. These results show that various different antioxidants and a free radical trap, working in either the water-soluble or the lipid-soluble compartments, can prevent the oxidative DNA damage induced in the kidney by the carcinogen KBrO3.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007668	Kidney	Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.	Kidneys
D008297	Male		Males
D008550	Melatonin	A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant.
D009589	Nitrogen Oxides	Inorganic oxides that contain nitrogen.	Nitrogen Oxide,Oxide, Nitrogen,Oxides, Nitrogen
D009929	Organ Size	The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.	Organ Volume,Organ Weight,Size, Organ,Weight, Organ
D001835	Body Weight	The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	Body Weights,Weight, Body,Weights, Body
D001959	Bromates	Negative ions or salts derived from bromic acid, HBrO3.	Bromate
D002273	Carcinogens	Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included.	Carcinogen,Oncogen,Oncogens,Tumor Initiator,Tumor Initiators,Tumor Promoter,Tumor Promoters,Initiator, Tumor,Initiators, Tumor,Promoter, Tumor,Promoters, Tumor
D003497	Cyclic N-Oxides	Heterocyclic compounds in which an oxygen is attached to a cyclic nitrogen.	Heterocyclic N-Oxides,Cyclic N Oxides,Heterocyclic N Oxides,N Oxides, Cyclic,N-Oxides, Cyclic,N-Oxides, Heterocyclic,Oxides, Cyclic N
D004249	DNA Damage	Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS.	DNA Injury,DNA Lesion,DNA Lesions,Genotoxic Stress,Stress, Genotoxic,Injury, DNA,DNA Injuries