Biomaterial Database

Control of actin filament length and turnover by actin depolymerizing factor (ADF/cofilin) in the presence of capping proteins and ARP2/3 complex. 1999

F Ressad, and D Didry, and C Egile, and D Pantaloni, and M F Carlier

Dynamique du Cytosquelette, Laboratoire díEnzymologie et Biochimie Structurales, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

The effect of Arabidopsis thaliana ADF1 and human ADF on the number of filaments in F-actin solutions has been examined using a seeded polymerization assay. ADF did not sever filaments in a catalytic fashion, but decreased the steady-state length distribution of actin filaments in correlation with its effect on actin dynamics. The increase in filament number was modest as compared with the large increase in filament turnover. ADF did not decrease the length of filaments shorter than 1 micrometer. ADF promoted the rapid turnover of gelsolin-capped filaments in a manner dependent on the number of pointed ends. To explain these results, we propose that, as a consequence of the cooperative binding of ADF to F-actin, two populations of energetically different filaments coexist in solution pending a flux of subunits from one to the other. The ADF-decorated filaments depolymerize rapidly from their pointed ends, while undecorated filaments polymerize. ADF also promotes rapid turnover of gelsolin-capped filaments in the presence of the pointed end capper Arp2/3 complex. It is shown that the Arp2/3 complex steadily generates new barbed ends in solutions of gelsolin-capped filaments, which represents an important aspect of its function in actin-based motility.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008840	Microfilament Proteins	Monomeric subunits of primarily globular ACTIN and found in the cytoplasmic matrix of almost all cells. They are often associated with microtubules and may play a role in cytoskeletal function and/or mediate movement of the cell or the organelles within the cell.	Actin Binding Protein,Actin-Binding Protein,Actin-Binding Proteins,Microfilament Protein,Actin Binding Proteins,Binding Protein, Actin,Protein, Actin Binding,Protein, Actin-Binding,Protein, Microfilament,Proteins, Actin-Binding,Proteins, Microfilament
D003598	Cytoskeletal Proteins	Major constituent of the cytoskeleton found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. They form a flexible framework for the cell, provide attachment points for organelles and formed bodies, and make communication between parts of the cell possible.	Proteins, Cytoskeletal
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000199	Actins	Filamentous proteins that are the main constituent of the thin filaments of muscle fibers. The filaments (known also as filamentous or F-actin) can be dissociated into their globular subunits; each subunit is composed of a single polypeptide 375 amino acids long. This is known as globular or G-actin. In conjunction with MYOSINS, actin is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of muscle.	F-Actin,G-Actin,Actin,Isoactin,N-Actin,alpha-Actin,alpha-Isoactin,beta-Actin,gamma-Actin,F Actin,G Actin,N Actin,alpha Actin,alpha Isoactin,beta Actin,gamma Actin
D017360	Arabidopsis	A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that contains ARABIDOPSIS PROTEINS and MADS DOMAIN PROTEINS. The species A. thaliana is used for experiments in classical plant genetics as well as molecular genetic studies in plant physiology, biochemistry, and development.	Arabidopsis thaliana,Cress, Mouse-ear,A. thaliana,A. thalianas,Arabidopses,Arabidopsis thalianas,Cress, Mouse ear,Cresses, Mouse-ear,Mouse-ear Cress,Mouse-ear Cresses,thaliana, A.,thaliana, Arabidopsis,thalianas, A.
D051339	Actin Depolymerizing Factors	A family of low MOLECULAR WEIGHT actin-binding proteins found throughout eukaryotes. They remodel the actin CYTOSKELETON by severing ACTIN FILAMENTS and increasing the rate of monomer dissociation.	Actin Depolymerizing Protein,Cofilin,Cofilins,ADF Proteins (Actin Depolymerizing Factors),Actin Depolymerizing Proteins,Cofilin Proteins,Depolymerizing Factors, Actin,Depolymerizing Protein, Actin,Depolymerizing Proteins, Actin,Protein, Actin Depolymerizing
D051377	Actin-Related Protein 2	A PROFILIN binding domain protein that is part of the Arp2-3 complex. It is related in sequence and structure to ACTIN and binds ATP.	ACTR2 Protein,Arp2 Protein,Actin Related Protein 2
D051378	Actin-Related Protein 3	A component of the Arp2-3 complex that is related in sequence and structure to ACTIN and that binds ATP. It is expressed at higher levels than ARP2 PROTEIN and does not contain a PROFILIN binding domain.	ACTR3 Protein,Arp3 Protein,Actin Related Protein 3
D019281	Dimerization	The process by which two molecules of the same chemical composition form a condensation product or polymer.	Dimerizations