The peripheral tuberculosis of the lymph nodes on the neck, in the axilla and on the groin is described in its present epidemiological situation, its pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy. Nowadays the tuberculosis of the lymph nodes most frequently occurs at older age and in women. In most cases the M. tuberculosis is the causative organism. The differential diagnosis must take into consideration many possibilities and sources of error--also for the following therapy and expert opinion--, in most cases it demands a histological and bacteriological examination of the exstirpated lymph nodes. This is at the same time the first step to therapy which consists in the removal of all enlarged lymph nodes in the area of the disease and in a 2-phase-chemotherapy for the duration of one year.