Biomaterial Database

Regulation of lepidopteran foregut movement by allatostatins and allatotropin from the frontal ganglion. 1999

H Duve, and P D East, and A Thorpe

School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom.

The frontal ganglion and associated neuronal pathways in larvae of the noctuid moth Helicoverpa armigera have been studied immunocytochemically with antisera against the endogenous neuropeptides, the allatostatins (helicostatins), and allatotropin. Two pairs of large ganglionic neurones contain allatostatin immunoreactivity, with the anteriormost of these pairs showing colocalisation with allatotropin. Allatostatin and allatotropin axons exit the frontal ganglion in the recurrent nerve and traverse the surface of the crop to give terminal arborisations around the stomodeal valve. There is a greater degree of lateral branching of allatotropin axons compared with allatostatin axons over the crop musculature. In vitro experiments show that the two types of peptides have antagonistic effects on the spontaneous myoactivity of the crop musculature. Allatotropin is myostimulatory at concentrations as low as 10(-16) M, enhancing both frequency and amplitude of peristaltic waves of contraction. All members of the helicostatin family inhibit peristalsis completely at concentrations of 10(-7)-10(-6) M and, to varying degrees, at 10(-10)-10(-8) M. On the basis of this evidence, it is suggested that peptidergic neurones of the frontal ganglion play a major part in regulating foregut motility through the antagonistic actions of the allatostatins and allatotropin.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007150	Immunohistochemistry	Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.	Immunocytochemistry,Immunogold Techniques,Immunogold-Silver Techniques,Immunohistocytochemistry,Immunolabeling Techniques,Immunogold Technics,Immunogold-Silver Technics,Immunolabeling Technics,Immunogold Silver Technics,Immunogold Silver Techniques,Immunogold Technic,Immunogold Technique,Immunogold-Silver Technic,Immunogold-Silver Technique,Immunolabeling Technic,Immunolabeling Technique,Technic, Immunogold,Technic, Immunogold-Silver,Technic, Immunolabeling,Technics, Immunogold,Technics, Immunogold-Silver,Technics, Immunolabeling,Technique, Immunogold,Technique, Immunogold-Silver,Technique, Immunolabeling,Techniques, Immunogold,Techniques, Immunogold-Silver,Techniques, Immunolabeling
D007301	Insect Hormones	Hormones secreted by insects. They influence their growth and development. Also synthetic substances that act like insect hormones.	Insect Hormone,Hormone, Insect,Hormones, Insect
D007814	Larva	Wormlike or grublike stage, following the egg in the life cycle of insects, worms, and other metamorphosing animals.	Maggots,Tadpoles,Larvae,Maggot,Tadpole
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D009036	Moths	Insects of the suborder Heterocera of the order LEPIDOPTERA.	Antheraea,Giant Silkmoths,Giant Silkworms,Silkmoths, Giant,Silkworms, Giant,Antheraeas,Giant Silkmoth,Giant Silkworm,Moth,Silkmoth, Giant,Silkworm, Giant
D009479	Neuropeptides	Peptides released by NEURONS as intercellular messengers. Many neuropeptides are also hormones released by non-neuronal cells.	Neuropeptide
D002633	Chemotaxis	The movement of cells or organisms toward or away from a substance in response to its concentration gradient.	Haptotaxis
D006727	Hormone Antagonists	Chemical substances which inhibit the function of the endocrine glands, the biosynthesis of their secreted hormones, or the action of hormones upon their specific sites.	Antagonists, Hormone
D000595	Amino Acid Sequence	The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.	Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia