Biomaterial Database

Enhancement of blood-brain barrier permeability by sodium caprate. 1999

T Ohnishi, and K Aida, and S Awazu

Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Hachiouji, Japan.

We examined the effect of sodium caprate on the integrity of the tight junctions of brain capillary endothelial cells, using a modified in-situ brain perfusion technique. Model hydrophilic compounds used were [3H]mannitol, [14C]sucrose, [3H]PEG900, [3H]PEG4000, FITC-dextran 4000, FITC-dextran 20000 and FITC-dextran 70000. The brain distribution volume of [14C]sucrose was significantly increased by sodium caprate in a concentration-dependent manner. The effective minimum concentration was 10mM. Furthermore, the effects of sodium caprate on the distribution volumes of hydrophilic compounds, [3H]mannitol, [14C]sucrose, [3H]PEG900, [3H]PEG4000, FITC-dextran 4000, FITC-dextran 20000 and FITC-dextran 70000, showed a molecular weight dependence. A plot of apparent permeation clearance against diffusion coefficient values suggested that 20 mM sodium caprate induced pores so large that the above compounds could pass through the blood-brain barrier with negligible friction within the pore. Our results showed that intracarotid sodium caprate perfusion could enhance the permeation of hydrophilic compounds through the blood-brain barrier.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008353	Mannitol	A diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from the body before any metabolism can take place. It can be used to treat oliguria associated with kidney failure or other manifestations of inadequate renal function and has been used for determination of glomerular filtration rate. Mannitol is also commonly used as a research tool in cell biological studies, usually to control osmolarity.	(L)-Mannitol,Osmitrol,Osmofundin
D008970	Molecular Weight	The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.	Molecular Weights,Weight, Molecular,Weights, Molecular
D010477	Perfusion	Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.	Perfusions
D010539	Permeability	Property of membranes and other structures to permit passage of light, heat, gases, liquids, metabolites, and mineral ions.	Permeabilities
D011092	Polyethylene Glycols	Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS.	Macrogols,Polyoxyethylenes,Carbowax,Macrogol,Polyethylene Glycol,Polyethylene Oxide,Polyethyleneoxide,Polyglycol,Glycol, Polyethylene,Glycols, Polyethylene,Oxide, Polyethylene,Oxides, Polyethylene,Polyethylene Oxides,Polyethyleneoxides,Polyglycols,Polyoxyethylene
D001812	Blood-Brain Barrier	Specialized non-fenestrated tightly-joined ENDOTHELIAL CELLS with TIGHT JUNCTIONS that form a transport barrier for certain substances between the cerebral capillaries and the BRAIN tissue.	Brain-Blood Barrier,Hemato-Encephalic Barrier,Barrier, Blood-Brain,Barrier, Brain-Blood,Barrier, Hemato-Encephalic,Barriers, Blood-Brain,Barriers, Brain-Blood,Barriers, Hemato-Encephalic,Blood Brain Barrier,Blood-Brain Barriers,Brain Blood Barrier,Brain-Blood Barriers,Hemato Encephalic Barrier,Hemato-Encephalic Barriers
D003652	Decanoic Acids	10-carbon saturated monocarboxylic acids.	Capric Acids,Acids, Capric,Acids, Decanoic
D003911	Dextrans	A group of glucose polymers made by certain bacteria. Dextrans are used therapeutically as plasma volume expanders and anticoagulants. They are also commonly used in biological experimentation and in industry for a wide variety of purposes.	Dextran,Dextran 40,Dextran 40000,Dextran 70,Dextran 75,Dextran 80,Dextran B-1355,Dextran B-1355-S,Dextran B1355,Dextran B512,Dextran Derivatives,Dextran M 70,Dextran T 70,Dextran T-40,Dextran T-500,Hemodex,Hyskon,Infukoll,Macrodex,Polyglucin,Promit,Rheodextran,Rheoisodex,Rheomacrodex,Rheopolyglucin,Rondex,Saviosol,Dextran B 1355,Dextran B 1355 S,Dextran T 40,Dextran T 500
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia