Effect of cadmium on the epidermic structure of Bufo arenarum tadpoles: influence of the chemical composition of the incubation media. 1999

L Ferrari, and A Salibián
Applied Ecophysiology Program, Basic Sciences Department, National University of Luján, Buenos Aires, Luján, Argentina. prodea@mail.unlu.edu.ar

Epidermic alterations in premetamorphic Bufo arenarum tadpoles were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy after exposure to sublethal cadmium concentrations in distilled water, in 141 mOsm solutions of mannitol and NaCl and in artificial pond water of 5 mOsm. Animals kept in NaCl solutions and in artificial pond water containing Cd did not show epidermic alterations. Cadmium in distilled water and in mannitol solutions caused loosening of cellular binding, cellular deformation and detachment and perforations of the epithelial membrane. Observed alterations were rapid and independent of the incubation media osmolarity. The interpretation of results must be linked to the competition between Cd and Ca, which is recognized as a basic factor in cellular adhesiveness.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007038 Hypotonic Solutions Solutions that have a lesser osmotic pressure than a reference solution such as blood, plasma, or interstitial fluid. Solutions, Hypotonic
D007814 Larva Wormlike or grublike stage, following the egg in the life cycle of insects, worms, and other metamorphosing animals. Maggots,Tadpoles,Larvae,Maggot,Tadpole
D007928 Lethal Dose 50 The dose amount of poisonous or toxic substance or dose of ionizing radiation required to kill 50% of the tested population. LD50,Dose 50, Lethal
D008353 Mannitol A diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from the body before any metabolism can take place. It can be used to treat oliguria associated with kidney failure or other manifestations of inadequate renal function and has been used for determination of glomerular filtration rate. Mannitol is also commonly used as a research tool in cell biological studies, usually to control osmolarity. (L)-Mannitol,Osmitrol,Osmofundin
D008855 Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY. Scanning Electron Microscopy,Electron Scanning Microscopy,Electron Microscopies, Scanning,Electron Microscopy, Scanning,Electron Scanning Microscopies,Microscopies, Electron Scanning,Microscopies, Scanning Electron,Microscopy, Electron Scanning,Microscopy, Scanning Electron,Scanning Electron Microscopies,Scanning Microscopies, Electron,Scanning Microscopy, Electron
D009994 Osmolar Concentration The concentration of osmotically active particles in solution expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per liter of solution. Osmolality is expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent. Ionic Strength,Osmolality,Osmolarity,Concentration, Osmolar,Concentrations, Osmolar,Ionic Strengths,Osmolalities,Osmolar Concentrations,Osmolarities,Strength, Ionic,Strengths, Ionic
D002022 Bufo arenarum A species of the true toads, Bufonidae, found in South America. Toad, Argentine,Argentine Toad,Argentine Toads,Toads, Argentine
D002118 Calcium A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes. Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002448 Cell Adhesion Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells. Adhesion, Cell,Adhesions, Cell,Cell Adhesions
D004817 Epidermis The external, nonvascular layer of the skin. It is made up, from within outward, of five layers of EPITHELIUM: (1) basal layer (stratum basale epidermidis); (2) spinous layer (stratum spinosum epidermidis); (3) granular layer (stratum granulosum epidermidis); (4) clear layer (stratum lucidum epidermidis); and (5) horny layer (stratum corneum epidermidis).

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