Biomaterial Database

The effect of cold temperature mixing on the properties of zinc phosphate cement. 1976

G M Kendzior, and K F Leinfelder, and H G Hershey

A series of proprietary zinc phosphate cements were evaluated after mixing on glass slabs at three different temperatures, 23 degrees, 6 degrees and -10 degrees C. Working time, setting time, diametral tensile strength, compressive strength and solubility were investigated. From the results of the tests the following conclusions were made: 1) As the temperature of the mixing slab was decreased, the amount of powder required to maintain a constatnt viscosity increased. 2) Compressive, tensile, and solubility values remained constant as the temperature of the mixing slab was decreased provided a consistent viscosity was maintained. 3) Mixing zinc phosphate cement substantially below the dew point is an acceptable practice provided the powder/liquid ratio is modified accordingly. 4) Although the setting time of zinc phosphate cement generally remained constant at temperatures below 6 degrees C, the working time continued to increase at -10 degrees C. 5) Mixing zinc phosphate cemment on a cold mixing slab increases the working time on the glass slab and decreases the setting time in an oral environment. Both of these alterations are clinically beneficial to the orthodontist.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D003080	Cold Temperature	An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm.	Cold,Cold Temperatures,Temperature, Cold,Temperatures, Cold
D012995	Solubility	The ability of a substance to be dissolved, i.e. to form a solution with another substance. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)	Solubilities
D013314	Stress, Mechanical	A purely physical condition which exists within any material because of strain or deformation by external forces or by non-uniform thermal expansion; expressed quantitatively in units of force per unit area.	Mechanical Stress,Mechanical Stresses,Stresses, Mechanical
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D014783	Viscosity	The resistance that a gaseous or liquid system offers to flow when it is subjected to shear stress. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)	Viscosities
D015036	Zinc Phosphate Cement	A material used for cementation of inlays, crowns, bridges, and orthodontic appliances and occasionally as a temporary restoration. It is prepared by mixing zinc oxide and magnesium oxide powders with a liquid consisting principally of phosphoric acid, water, and buffers. (From Bouchers' Clinical Dental Terminology, 3d ed)	Cement, Zinc Phosphate