Biomaterial Database

Amplification of moderately repetitive DNA sequences during chick cartilage differentiation. 1976

C M Strom, and A Dorfman

A 5-bromo-2'-[3H]deoxyuridine (BrdUrd) probe was isolated to analyze DNAs obtained from various chick tissues and cell types. [3H]BrdUrd-substituted DNA, prepared from limb bud cultures, was sheared and freed from palindromic DNA. Nonradioactive DNA was prepared from embryonic liver, undifferentiated limb bud mesenchyme, sternal cartilage, differentiated limb bud cultures, and BrdUrd-blocked cultures, and was sheared. These DNAs were used in 100-fold excess to drive the reassociation of the [3H]-BrdUrd-DNA probe. Purified mature cartilage DNAs of embryonic sternae or differentiated limb bud cultures drove the reassociation of the probe approximately two times faster than did DNA from liver, undifferentiated limb bud, or BrdUrd-blocked cells. These data indicate that cartilage DNA contains a greater number of sequences complementary to the BrdUrd probe than do DNAs of noncartilage or undifferentiated precartilage cells. Calculations determined an average substitution of 10% of thymidine residues by BrdUrd in purified probe, whereas CsCl density gradients of unsheared probe revealed radioactive peaks of greater than 20% substitution. The BrdUrd appears to be clustered in the genome.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D001973	Bromodeoxyuridine	A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.	BUdR,BrdU,Bromouracil Deoxyriboside,Broxuridine,5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine,5-Bromodeoxyuridine,NSC-38297,5 Bromo 2' deoxyuridine,5 Bromodeoxyuridine,Deoxyriboside, Bromouracil
D002356	Cartilage	A non-vascular form of connective tissue composed of CHONDROCYTES embedded in a matrix that includes CHONDROITIN SULFATE and various types of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are three major types: HYALINE CARTILAGE; FIBROCARTILAGE; and ELASTIC CARTILAGE.	Cartilages
D002454	Cell Differentiation	Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.	Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D002642	Chick Embryo	The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching.	Embryo, Chick,Chick Embryos,Embryos, Chick
D004247	DNA	A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).	DNA, Double-Stranded,Deoxyribonucleic Acid,ds-DNA,DNA, Double Stranded,Double-Stranded DNA,ds DNA
D005121	Extremities	The farthest or outermost projections of the body, such as the HAND and FOOT.	Limbs,Extremity,Limb
D000483	Alleles	Variant forms of the same gene, occupying the same locus on homologous CHROMOSOMES, and governing the variants in production of the same gene product.	Allelomorphs,Allele,Allelomorph
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001483	Base Sequence	The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.	DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA