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OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to clarify the surgical outcome in cirrhotic patients with hepatitis C-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS The surgical outcome of 26 HCVAb-positive cirrhotic patients with hepatitis C antibody (the C-related HCC group) and 18 HCVAb-negative cirrhotic patients with (the non-C-related HCC group) undergoing hepatectomy for HCC were compared. The C-related HCC group was HCVAb[+], HBsAg[-] for hepatitis B surface antigen in 25 patients and HCVAb[+], HBsAg[+] in 1, and the non C-related HCC group was HCVAb[-], HBsAg[+] in 15 and HCVAb[-], HBsAg[-] in 3. RESULTS Preoperative aspartate and alanine aminotransferase in the C-related HCC group were significantly (P < 0.01) higher than in the non-C-related HCC group. There were no significant differences in the operative method, intraoperative blood loss and weight of resected liver or pathological data between the 2 groups. In the recurrence pattern, the incidence of multicentric occurrence in the C-related HCC group (53.3%) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in the non-C-related HCC group (7.7%). The mortality rate in both groups was 0% and no operative death was encountered. The crude survival and disease-free survival rates at 3 years were similar: 80.8% and 57.7% in the C-related HCC group and 77.8% and 55.6% in the non-C-related HCC group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Although surgically treated cirrhotic patients with C-related HCC showed worse preoperative hepatitis status and a higher incidence of recurrence due to multicentricity compared with non-C-related HCC, the mortality and prognosis of patients with C-related HCC did not differ from that of non-C-related HCC. The indication of hepatic resection and consideration for the high incidence of postoperative multicentric occurrence in the patients with C-related HCC should therefore be more careful than in patients with non-C-related HCC.
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