Cross-resistance to Bacillus sphaericus strains in Culex quinquefasciatus resistant to B. sphaericus 1593M. 1999

S Poopathi, and T R Mani, and D R Rao, and G Baskaran, and L Kabilan
Center for Research in Medical Entomology, Indian Council of Medical Research 4, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai. jcmrcrme@ren.nic.in

Bacillus sphaericus 1593M resistant larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus were reared in the laboratory since 1995. Resistance in the larvae was monitored by subjecting selection pressure using B. sphaericus 1593M at every generation. Bioassays were conducted with different strains of B. sphaericus (Bs 2297, Bs 2362 and Bs IAB 59) and confirmed cross-resistance in the present study. The level ranged between 27.3 to 18.2 fold in comparison with susceptible larvae. But Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis strains (Bti PG14 and Bti 426) did not show any cross-resistance in the larvae and it emphasized a need to study the mode of action of B. sphaericus toxin that induces cross-resistance in the larval strain.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007194 India A country in southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan. The capitol is New Delhi. Republic of India
D007814 Larva Wormlike or grublike stage, following the egg in the life cycle of insects, worms, and other metamorphosing animals. Maggots,Tadpoles,Larvae,Maggot,Tadpole
D010572 Pest Control, Biological Use of naturally-occuring or genetically-engineered organisms to reduce or eliminate populations of pests. Biological Pest Control,Biologic Pest Control,Pest Control, Biologic,Biologic Pest Controls,Biological Pest Controls,Pest Controls, Biologic,Pest Controls, Biological
D003465 Culex A genus of mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) commonly found in tropical regions. Species of this genus are vectors for ST. LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS as well as many other diseases of man and domestic and wild animals. Culices
D004351 Drug Resistance Diminished or failed response of an organism, disease or tissue to the intended effectiveness of a chemical or drug. It should be differentiated from DRUG TOLERANCE which is the progressive diminution of the susceptibility of a human or animal to the effects of a drug, as a result of continued administration. Resistance, Drug
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001407 Bacillus A genus of BACILLACEAE that are spore-forming, rod-shaped cells. Most species are saprophytic soil forms with only a few species being pathogenic. Bacillus bacterium
D001427 Bacterial Toxins Toxic substances formed in or elaborated by bacteria; they are usually proteins with high molecular weight and antigenicity; some are used as antibiotics and some to skin test for the presence of or susceptibility to certain diseases. Bacterial Toxin,Toxins, Bacterial,Toxin, Bacterial
D001681 Biological Assay A method of measuring the effects of a biologically active substance using an intermediate in vivo or in vitro tissue or cell model under controlled conditions. It includes virulence studies in animal fetuses in utero, mouse convulsion bioassay of insulin, quantitation of tumor-initiator systems in mouse skin, calculation of potentiating effects of a hormonal factor in an isolated strip of contracting stomach muscle, etc. Bioassay,Assay, Biological,Assays, Biological,Biologic Assay,Biologic Assays,Assay, Biologic,Assays, Biologic,Bioassays,Biological Assays

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