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The effects of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor antagonist on insulin resistance in fructose-fed rats. 2000

K Higashiura, and N Ura, and T Takada, and Y Li, and T Torii, and N Togashi, and M Takada, and H Takizawa, and K Shimamoto
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan.

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor (AT) antagonist on insulin resistance, especially on muscle fiber composition in fructose-induced insulin-resistant and hypertensive rats. Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either normal rat chow (control) or a fructose-rich diet (FFR). For the last two weeks of a six-week period of either diet, the rats were treated with gum arabic solution as a vehicle (control or FFR), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (FFR+ACE), temocapril (1 mg/kg/ day) or an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (FFR+AT), CS-866 (0.3 mg/kg/day), by gavage, and then the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp technique was performed to evaluate insulin sensitivity. At the end of the glucose clamp, the soleus muscle was dissected for determination of the muscle fiber composition by ATPase methods. Blood pressure at the glucose clamp in the FFR group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and both temocapril and CS-866 significantly lowered the blood pressure of the FFR group. The average rate of glucose infusion during the glucose clamp, as a measure of insulin sensitivity (M value), was significantly lower in the FFR rats compared to the controls (15.4 +/- 0.4, 10.9 +/- 0.6 mg/kg/min, for control and FFR, respectively, P < .01). Both temocapril and CS-866 partially improved the M values compared to FFR (13.2 +/- 0.7, 12.8 +/- 0.5 mg/kg/min, for FFR+ACE, FFR+AT, respectively, P < .01 compared with FFR, P < .05 compared with control). The composite ratio of type I fibers of the soleus muscle was decreased significantly in the FFR rats compared with the controls (82% +/- 2%, 75% +/- 2%, for control and FFR, respectively, P < .01), and both temocapril and CS-866 restored a composite ratio of type I fibers to the same level as that of the controls (81% +/- 1%, 80% +/- 1% for FFR+ACE and FFR+AT, respectively). The M value was significantly correlated with the composition of type I and type II fibers. These results suggest that the fiber composition of skeletal muscle is correlated to insulin resistance, and that both ACE inhibitors and AT antagonists may modulate the muscle fiber composition in a hypertensive and insulin-resistant animal model, fructose-fed rats, to the same extent.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006973 Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. Blood Pressure, High,Blood Pressures, High,High Blood Pressure,High Blood Pressures
D007093 Imidazoles Compounds containing 1,3-diazole, a five membered aromatic ring containing two nitrogen atoms separated by one of the carbons. Chemically reduced ones include IMIDAZOLINES and IMIDAZOLIDINES. Distinguish from 1,2-diazole (PYRAZOLES).
D007333 Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS. Insulin Sensitivity,Resistance, Insulin,Sensitivity, Insulin
D008274 Magnesium A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
D008297 Male Males
D001786 Blood Glucose Glucose in blood. Blood Sugar,Glucose, Blood,Sugar, Blood
D001794 Blood Pressure PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS. Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D001835 Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. Body Weights,Weight, Body,Weights, Body
D004040 Dietary Carbohydrates Carbohydrates present in food comprising digestible sugars and starches and indigestible cellulose and other dietary fibers. The former are the major source of energy. The sugars are in beet and cane sugar, fruits, honey, sweet corn, corn syrup, milk and milk products, etc.; the starches are in cereal grains, legumes (FABACEAE), tubers, etc. (From Claudio & Lagua, Nutrition and Diet Therapy Dictionary, 3d ed, p32, p277) Carbohydrates, Dietary,Carbohydrate, Dietary,Dietary Carbohydrate
D005215 Fasting Abstaining from FOOD. Hunger Strike,Hunger Strikes,Strike, Hunger,Strikes, Hunger

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