Bioavailability of iron from four different local food plants in Jordan. 1999

S A Jadayil, and S K Tukan, and H R Takruri
Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jordan, Amman.

The bioavailability of iron from local plants (black cumin seeds, milk thistle seeds, sesame seeds and thyme leaves) was investigated. Apparent absorption of iron was calculated by subtracting fecal iron (using total collection of feces) from iron intake in Sprague-Dawley rats. Two trials of animal feeding were performed. Liver and serum concentrations of iron, and serum hemoglobin concentration were taken as response parameters for the bioavailability. Dry thyme was particularly rich in iron (117.2 mg/100 g dry matter) and milk thistle seeds in crude fiber (25 g/100 g dry matter). Rats fed the dry thyme diet or that supplemented with 5% egg white died but when the diet was supplemented with 10% egg white, the animals survived. Iron intake and apparent and total iron absorption were highest for the rats fed the dry thyme-egg white diet. Liver weights for the groups fed black cumin seeds and dry thyme were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those for the groups fed milk thistle and sesame seeds. Liver content of iron was highest for the animals fed black cumin seeds. Serum iron content increased significantly (p<0.05) for the animals fed black cumin seeds, and serum hemoglobin concentration increased significantly (p<0.05) in the groups fed milk thistle seed and black cumin seed diets, but decreased for the group fed the thyme-egg white diet. It is concluded from this study that iron was better utilized from black cumin seeds as indicated by liver storage of iron. On the other hand, thyme had the highest iron absorption but lowest utilization.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007501 Iron A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN. Iron-56,Iron 56
D007597 Jordan A country in the MIDDLE EAST, northwest of Saudi Arabia, between Israel and Iraq. The capital is Amman.
D010945 Plants, Edible An organism of the vegetable kingdom suitable by nature for use as a food, especially by human beings. Not all parts of any given plant are edible but all parts of edible plants have been known to figure as raw or cooked food: leaves, roots, tubers, stems, seeds, buds, fruits, and flowers. The most commonly edible parts of plants are FRUIT, usually sweet, fleshy, and succulent. Most edible plants are commonly cultivated for their nutritional value and are referred to as VEGETABLES. Food Plants,Edible Plant,Edible Plants,Food Plant,Plant, Edible,Plant, Food,Plants, Food
D010946 Plants, Medicinal Plants whose roots, leaves, seeds, bark, or other constituent parts possess therapeutic, tonic, purgative, curative or other pharmacologic attributes, when administered to man or animals. Herbs, Medicinal,Medicinal Herbs,Healing Plants,Medicinal Plants,Pharmaceutical Plants,Healing Plant,Herb, Medicinal,Medicinal Herb,Medicinal Plant,Pharmaceutical Plant,Plant, Healing,Plant, Medicinal,Plant, Pharmaceutical,Plants, Healing,Plants, Pharmaceutical
D011897 Random Allocation A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects. Randomization,Allocation, Random
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001682 Biological Availability The extent to which the active ingredient of a drug dosage form becomes available at the site of drug action or in a biological medium believed to reflect accessibility to a site of action. Availability Equivalency,Bioavailability,Physiologic Availability,Availability, Biologic,Availability, Biological,Availability, Physiologic,Biologic Availability,Availabilities, Biologic,Availabilities, Biological,Availabilities, Physiologic,Availability Equivalencies,Bioavailabilities,Biologic Availabilities,Biological Availabilities,Equivalencies, Availability,Equivalency, Availability,Physiologic Availabilities
D012639 Seeds The encapsulated embryos of flowering plants. They are used as is or for animal feed because of the high content of concentrated nutrients like starches, proteins, and fats. Rapeseed, cottonseed, and sunflower seed are also produced for the oils (fats) they yield. Diaspores,Elaiosomes,Embryos, Plant,Plant Embryos,Plant Zygotes,Zygotes, Plant,Diaspore,Elaiosome,Embryo, Plant,Plant Embryo,Plant Zygote,Seed,Zygote, Plant
D017207 Rats, Sprague-Dawley A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company. Holtzman Rat,Rats, Holtzman,Sprague-Dawley Rat,Rats, Sprague Dawley,Holtzman Rats,Rat, Holtzman,Rat, Sprague-Dawley,Sprague Dawley Rat,Sprague Dawley Rats,Sprague-Dawley Rats
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus

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