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Molecular methods to distinguish between classical rabies and the rabies-related European bat lyssaviruses. 2000

E M Black, and L M McElhinney, and J P Lowings, and J Smith, and P Johnstone, and P R Heaton
D.E.R.A., Microbiology Department, Chemical and Biological Defence Sector, Porton Down, Wiltshire, SP4 0JQ, Salisbury, UK.

A rapid and sensitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for the detection of classical rabies virus (genotype 1) and the rabies related European bat lyssaviruses (EBLs) (genotypes 5 and 6) was developed. When combined with specific oligonucleotide probes and a PCR-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (PCR-ELISA), genotype 5 and 6 viruses can be distinguished from each other and from genotype 1 viruses. Ninety-two isolates from the six established genotypes of rabies and rabies-related viruses were screened by RT-PCR and PCR-ELISA to determine the specificity of the assays. All genotype 1, 5 and 6 viruses were detected by RT-PCR while none of the genotype 2, 3 and 4 viruses were detected. All the genotype 5 and 6 viruses were detected by the two PCR-ELISA probes when used in combination while none of the genotype 1-4 viruses were detected. When used individually, the PCR-ELISA probes also distinguished between the genotype 5 and 6 viruses. This new discriminatory test should allow the rapid genotyping of all lyssaviruses likely to be encountered in Europe and as such could provide useful epidemiological information in the event of an outbreak.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011818 Rabies Acute VIRAL CNS INFECTION affecting mammals, including humans. It is caused by RABIES VIRUS and usually spread by contamination with virus-laden saliva of bites inflicted by rabid animals. Important animal vectors include the dog, cat, bat, fox, raccoon, skunk, and wolf. Encephalitic Rabies,Furious Rabies,Hydrophobia,Paralytic Rabies,Lyssa,Furious Raby,Lyssas,Rabies, Encephalitic,Rabies, Furious,Raby, Furious
D011820 Rabies virus The type species of LYSSAVIRUS causing rabies in humans and other animals. Transmission is mostly by animal bites through saliva. The virus is neurotropic multiplying in neurons and myotubes of vertebrates. Rabies viruses
D002685 Chiroptera Order of mammals whose members are adapted for flight. It includes bats, flying foxes, and fruit bats. Bats,Flying Foxes,Horseshoe Bats,Pteropodidae,Pteropus,Rhinolophus,Rousettus,Bat, Horseshoe,Bats, Horseshoe,Foxes, Flying,Horseshoe Bat
D004797 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed. ELISA,Assay, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Assays, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays,Immunosorbent Assay, Enzyme-Linked,Immunosorbent Assays, Enzyme-Linked
D005060 Europe The continent north of AFRICA, west of ASIA and east of the ATLANTIC OCEAN. Northern Europe,Southern Europe,Western Europe
D005838 Genotype The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS. Genogroup,Genogroups,Genotypes
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012367 RNA, Viral Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses. Viral RNA
D012680 Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) Specificity,Sensitivity,Specificity and Sensitivity
D017931 DNA Primers Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques. DNA Primer,Oligodeoxyribonucleotide Primer,Oligodeoxyribonucleotide Primers,Oligonucleotide Primer,Oligonucleotide Primers,Primer, DNA,Primer, Oligodeoxyribonucleotide,Primer, Oligonucleotide,Primers, DNA,Primers, Oligodeoxyribonucleotide,Primers, Oligonucleotide

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