Urethral stricture, mainly consisting of cases of inflammatory stricture, is a frequent occurrence in Morocco. Numerous techniques have been proposed to treat these disorders, including internal endoscopic urethrotomy (IEU). Initially described by Otis and Maisonneuve using a blind approach, IEU was then further developed by Saches who carried out direct vision urethrotomy. It rapidly became established as the method of choice for primary treatment of urethral stricture, and classical surgery was limited to those cases in which this method had failed. However, although this technique is relatively simple and appears to be efficient, there is in fact a high relapse rate, necessitating repeated IEU; therefore at present there is a tendency to return to the classical methods of anastomotic resection and urethroplasty after the second or third IEU. Although the relapse rate is low for short, single or bulbar strictures, it is high for penile strictures and for those with accompanying severe periurethral fibrosis. In this study, we have reported the results of a homogeneous series of 149 cases of urethral stricture treated by internal urethrotomy. The aim of this retrospective study was to better define the indications for adopting this technique, and also to determine the reasons for failure. The various alternatives to IEU (resection, plasty) have been examined, as has their respective failure rate.