Studies on lymphokines: the production of antibody to guinea pig lymphotoxin and its use to distinguish lymphotoxin from migration inhibitory factor and mitogenic factor. 1975

M K Gately, and C L Gately, and C S Henney, and M M Mayer

Guinea pig lymphotoxin, which was produced by stimulating immune lymph node cells with the specific antigen, ovalbumin, was partially purified by the sequential use of Pevikon block electrophoresis, ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, and polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. The lymphotoxin recovered from the final step was purified approximately 200- to 300-fold as compared to the starting material, but nevertheless contained at least one major contaminant protein. Rabbits were immunized with the partially purified lymphotoxin, and an antiserum capable of neutralizing the cytotoxic effect of lymphotoxin was obtained. The anti-lymphotoxin activity was shown to be due predominantly to IgM immunoglobulin. The antiserum neutralized concanavalin A-induced lymphotoxin with equal efficiency as antigen-induced lymphotoxin. On the other hand, the anti-lymphotoxin serum did not neutralize preformed mitogenic factor or migration inhibitory factor (MIF) which had been produced by antigen-stimulated immune lymph node cells. Thus these activities appear to be due to substances which are antigenically distinct from lymphotoxin. Likewise, anti-lymphotoxin serum, when present in cultures of antigen-stimulated immune lymphoid cells, caused no diminution in the amount of mitogenic factor or MIF which was produced, indicating that it had no direct deleterious effect on the function of the lymphoid cells responsible for producing these lymphokines.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007075 Immunoglobulin M A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally was called a macroglobulin. Gamma Globulin, 19S,IgM,IgM Antibody,IgM1,IgM2,19S Gamma Globulin,Antibody, IgM
D007106 Immune Sera Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen. Antisera,Immune Serums,Sera, Immune,Serums, Immune
D008198 Lymph Nodes They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system. Lymph Node,Node, Lymph,Nodes, Lymph
D008214 Lymphocytes White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS. Lymphoid Cells,Cell, Lymphoid,Cells, Lymphoid,Lymphocyte,Lymphoid Cell
D008222 Lymphokines Soluble protein factors generated by activated lymphocytes that affect other cells, primarily those involved in cellular immunity. Lymphocyte Mediators,Mediators, Lymphocyte
D008233 Lymphotoxin-alpha A tumor necrosis factor family member that is released by activated LYMPHOCYTES. Soluble lymphotoxin is specific for TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR TYPE I; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR TYPE II; and TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR SUPERFAMILY, MEMBER 14. Lymphotoxin-alpha can form a membrane-bound heterodimer with LYMPHOTOXIN-BETA that has specificity for the LYMPHOTOXIN BETA RECEPTOR. TNF Superfamily, Member 1,TNF-beta,Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 1,Tumor Necrosis Factor-beta,Lymphotoxin,Lymphotoxin-alpha3,Soluble Lymphotoxin-alpha,alpha-Lymphotoxin,Lymphotoxin alpha,Lymphotoxin alpha3,Lymphotoxin-alpha, Soluble,Soluble Lymphotoxin alpha,Tumor Necrosis Factor beta,alpha Lymphotoxin
D008263 Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors Proteins released by sensitized LYMPHOCYTES and possibly other cells that inhibit the migration of MACROPHAGES away from the release site. The structure and chemical properties may vary with the species and type of releasing cell. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor,Migration Inhibition Factors, Macrophage,Macrophage Migration Inhibition Factors,Migration Inhibition Factor, Macrophage,Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factors,Migration-Inhibitory Factors, Macrophage
D008934 Mitogens Substances that stimulate mitosis and lymphocyte transformation. They include not only substances associated with LECTINS, but also substances from streptococci (associated with streptolysin S) and from strains of alpha-toxin-producing staphylococci. (Stedman, 25th ed) Mitogen,Phytomitogen,Phytomitogens
D009500 Neutralization Tests The measurement of infection-blocking titer of ANTISERA by testing a series of dilutions for a given virus-antiserum interaction end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (CPE) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (ID50) or die (LD50). Neutralization Test,Test, Neutralization,Tests, Neutralization
D010047 Ovalbumin An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily. Serpin B14

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