Linear hyperechogenicity within the basal ganglia and thalamus of preterm infants. 2000

S Chamnanvanakij, and C G Rogers, and C Luppino, and S R Broyles, and J Hickman, and J M Perlman
Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75235-9063, USA.

Linear hyperechogenicity (LHE) within the basal ganglia and thalamus is an uncommon sonographic finding in preterm infants and is of unclear significance. The study objectives were to determine the clinical characteristics and neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants who develop LHE. Ten preterm and 20 control infants were evaluated developmentally at 18 months adjusted age using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. LHE was diagnosed at 4 weeks (range = 1-11). Antenatal glucocorticoid therapy was more common in infants with LHE than in the control infants (90% vs 45%). Four (44%) of nine LHE infants and no control infants were positive for cytomegalovirus (P = 0.02, and three of 10 LHE infants and no control infants had a hypothyroid (P = 0.03). The mental development scores and behavioral evaluation results were lower in the infants with LHE than in the control infants (73.7 +/- 9.7 vs 83.7 +/- 9.4, P = 0.01 and 23.7 +/- 20.1 vs 43.9 +/- 25.4, P = 0.04, respectively). The infants without LHE also had poorer motor quality (22.8 +/- 20. 5 vs 55.7 +/- 37.4, P = 0.02) and lower emotional regulation scores (25.7 +/- 16 vs 42.3 +/- 24, P = 0.06) than the control infants. Preterm infants with LHE are at an increased risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome and, in particular, cognitive and behavioral performance. The sonographic evolution of LHE may be a marker of a diffuse insult to the brain.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007223 Infant A child between 1 and 23 months of age. Infants
D007231 Infant, Newborn An infant during the first 28 days after birth. Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D007234 Infant, Premature A human infant born before 37 weeks of GESTATION. Neonatal Prematurity,Premature Infants,Preterm Infants,Infant, Preterm,Infants, Premature,Infants, Preterm,Premature Infant,Prematurity, Neonatal,Preterm Infant
D002658 Developmental Disabilities Disorders in which there is a delay in development based on that expected for a given age level or stage of development. These impairments or disabilities originate before age 18, may be expected to continue indefinitely, and constitute a substantial impairment. Biological and nonbiological factors are involved in these disorders. (From American Psychiatric Glossary, 6th ed) Child Development Deviations,Child Development Disorders,Child Development Disorders, Specific,Developmental Delay Disorders,Disabilities, Developmental,Development Disorders, Child,Child Development Deviation,Child Development Disorder,Development Deviation, Child,Development Deviations, Child,Development Disorder, Child,Developmental Delay Disorder,Developmental Disability,Deviation, Child Development,Disability, Developmental
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001479 Basal Ganglia Large subcortical nuclear masses derived from the telencephalon and located in the basal regions of the cerebral hemispheres. Basal Nuclei,Ganglia, Basal,Basal Nuclear Complex,Ganglion, Basal,Basal Nuclear Complices,Nuclear Complex, Basal,Nuclei, Basal
D012189 Retrospective Studies Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons. Retrospective Study,Studies, Retrospective,Study, Retrospective
D013788 Thalamus Paired bodies containing mostly GRAY MATTER and forming part of the lateral wall of the THIRD VENTRICLE of the brain. Thalamencephalon,Thalamencephalons
D014463 Ultrasonography The visualization of deep structures of the body by recording the reflections or echoes of ultrasonic pulses directed into the tissues. Use of ultrasound for imaging or diagnostic purposes employs frequencies ranging from 1.6 to 10 megahertz. Echography,Echotomography,Echotomography, Computer,Sonography, Medical,Tomography, Ultrasonic,Ultrasonic Diagnosis,Ultrasonic Imaging,Ultrasonographic Imaging,Computer Echotomography,Diagnosis, Ultrasonic,Diagnostic Ultrasound,Ultrasonic Tomography,Ultrasound Imaging,Diagnoses, Ultrasonic,Diagnostic Ultrasounds,Imaging, Ultrasonic,Imaging, Ultrasonographic,Imaging, Ultrasound,Imagings, Ultrasonographic,Imagings, Ultrasound,Medical Sonography,Ultrasonic Diagnoses,Ultrasonographic Imagings,Ultrasound, Diagnostic,Ultrasounds, Diagnostic
D019957 Motor Skills Disorders Marked impairments in the development of motor coordination such that the impairment interferes with activities of daily living. (From DSM-V) Developmental Coordination Disorder,Coordination Disorder, Developmental,Developmental Coordination Disorders,Motor Skills Disorder

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