Identification and developmental expression of three Distal-less homeobox containing genes in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. 2000

A Caracciolo, and A Di Gregorio, and F Aniello, and R Di Lauro, and M Branno
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Stazione Zoologica "Anton Dohrn", Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy.

Several homeobox-containing genes related to Drosophila Distal-less (Dll) have been isolated from a wide variety of organisms and have been shown to function as developmental regulators. While in Drosophila only one Dll gene has been described so far, in Vertebrates many components of the Dlx multigenic family have been characterized. This suggests that, during the evolution of the Chordate phylum, the Dlx genes arose from an ancestral Dll/Dlx gene via gene duplication. We have previously reported the isolation of two Dll-related homeoboxes from the protochordate Ciona intestinalis, and described their clustered arrangement (Gene 156 (1995) 253). Here we present the detailed genomic organization and spatial-temporal expression of these two genes, Ci-Dll-A and Ci-Dll-B, and describe the isolation and characterization of another member of the ascidian family of Dll-related genes, which we tentatively named Ci-Dll-C.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008957 Models, Genetic Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. Genetic Models,Genetic Model,Model, Genetic
D002816 Chordata, Nonvertebrate A portion of the animal phylum Chordata comprised of the subphyla CEPHALOCHORDATA; UROCHORDATA, and HYPEROTRETI, but not including the Vertebrata (VERTEBRATES). It includes nonvertebrate animals having a NOTOCHORD during some developmental stage. Invertebrate Chordate,Chordatas, Nonvertebrate,Chordate, Invertebrate,Chordates, Invertebrate,Invertebrate Chordates,Nonvertebrate Chordata,Nonvertebrate Chordatas
D002938 Ciona intestinalis Vase or tube shaped TUNICATES with a cosmopolitan distribution. Ciona robusta,Vase Tunicate,Yellow Sea Squirt,Sea Squirt, Yellow,Sea Squirts, Yellow,Vase Tunicates,Yellow Sea Squirts
D005810 Multigene Family A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed) Gene Clusters,Genes, Reiterated,Cluster, Gene,Clusters, Gene,Families, Multigene,Family, Multigene,Gene Cluster,Gene, Reiterated,Multigene Families,Reiterated Gene,Reiterated Genes
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013997 Time Factors Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations. Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D014018 Tissue Distribution Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios. Distribution, Tissue,Distributions, Tissue,Tissue Distributions
D014157 Transcription Factors Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process. Transcription Factor,Factor, Transcription,Factors, Transcription
D015152 Blotting, Northern Detection of RNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES. Northern Blotting,Blot, Northern,Northern Blot,Blots, Northern,Blottings, Northern,Northern Blots,Northern Blottings
D015723 Gene Library A large collection of DNA fragments cloned (CLONING, MOLECULAR) from a given organism, tissue, organ, or cell type. It may contain complete genomic sequences (GENOMIC LIBRARY) or complementary DNA sequences, the latter being formed from messenger RNA and lacking intron sequences. DNA Library,cDNA Library,DNA Libraries,Gene Libraries,Libraries, DNA,Libraries, Gene,Libraries, cDNA,Library, DNA,Library, Gene,Library, cDNA,cDNA Libraries

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