Arteriovenous bubbles following cold water sport dives: relation to right-to-left shunting. 2000

T Gerriets, and K Tetzlaff, and T Liceni, and C Schäfer, and B Rosengarten, and G Kopiske, and C Algermissen, and N Struck, and M Kaps
Department of Neurology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.

Neurologic injury subsequent to decompression from diving may be due to paradoxical arterialization of venous gas emboli. Of 40 divers who performed 53 open water dives after being tested for a patent foramen ovale (PFO), arterial gas emboli were detected in 7 of 13 dives, which resulted in venous bubbles. In five of these seven dives, there was evidence of a PFO by contrast transcranial Doppler sonography, indicating an increased risk of arterializing venous bubbles in divers with a PFO.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D003080 Cold Temperature An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm. Cold,Cold Temperatures,Temperature, Cold,Temperatures, Cold
D003665 Decompression Sickness A condition occurring as a result of exposure to a rapid fall in ambient pressure. Gases, nitrogen in particular, come out of solution and form bubbles in body fluid and blood. These gas bubbles accumulate in joint spaces and the peripheral circulation impairing tissue oxygenation causing disorientation, severe pain, and potentially death. Bends,Caisson Disease,Caisson Diseases,Disease, Caisson,Diseases, Caisson,Sickness, Decompression
D004242 Diving An activity in which the organism plunges into water. It includes scuba and bell diving. Diving as natural behavior of animals goes here, as well as diving in decompression experiments with humans or animals. Divings
D004618 Embolism, Air Blocking of a blood vessel by air bubbles that enter the circulatory system, usually after TRAUMA; surgical procedures, or changes in atmospheric pressure. Air Embolism,Embolism, Gas,Air Embolisms,Embolisms, Air,Embolisms, Gas,Gas Embolism,Gas Embolisms
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D018608 Ultrasonography, Doppler Ultrasonography applying the Doppler effect, with frequency-shifted ultrasound reflections produced by moving targets (usually red blood cells) in the bloodstream along the ultrasound axis in direct proportion to the velocity of movement of the targets, to determine both direction and velocity of blood flow. (Stedman, 25th ed) Doppler Ultrasonography,Doppler Ultrasound,Doppler Ultrasound Imaging,Doppler Ultrasound Imagings,Doppler Ultrasounds,Imaging, Doppler Ultrasound,Imagings, Doppler Ultrasound,Ultrasound Imaging, Doppler,Ultrasound Imagings, Doppler,Ultrasound, Doppler,Ultrasounds, Doppler

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