Demonstration of the central dark line in crystals of dental calculus. 2000

M Kakei, and H Nakahara, and M Kumegawa, and M Yoshikawa, and S Kunii
First Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Meikai University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan. m-kakei@dent.meikai.ac.jp

Using an electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy, we studied the lattice images of crystallites of dental calculus to demonstrate the presence of the central dark line (CDL) in its crystallite and to compare this CDL with that of bone and synthetic hydroxyapatite crystals. Ultrastructural observations revealed clearly a number of crystallites, which displayed a proper lattice image and CDL similar to that of bone, in the dental calculus. FTIR microspectroscopy revealed that the dental calculus displayed a set of major spectra analogous to that of bone. These results suggest that the formation process of hydroxyapatite crystals with CDL in dental calculus, which is considered to be an unusual type of calcified structure in association with microorganisms, is basically similar to that of the ordinary calcifying hard tissues (bone, enamel, etc.).

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008854 Microscopy, Electron Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen. Electron Microscopy
D001842 Bone and Bones A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principal cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX. Bone Tissue,Bone and Bone,Bone,Bones,Bones and Bone,Bones and Bone Tissue,Bony Apophyses,Bony Apophysis,Condyle,Apophyses, Bony,Apophysis, Bony,Bone Tissues,Condyles,Tissue, Bone,Tissues, Bone
D003460 Crystallization The formation of crystalline substances from solutions or melts. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Crystalline Polymorphs,Polymorphism, Crystallization,Crystal Growth,Polymorphic Crystals,Crystal, Polymorphic,Crystalline Polymorph,Crystallization Polymorphism,Crystallization Polymorphisms,Crystals, Polymorphic,Growth, Crystal,Polymorph, Crystalline,Polymorphic Crystal,Polymorphisms, Crystallization,Polymorphs, Crystalline
D003728 Dental Calculus Abnormal concretion or calcified deposit that forms around the teeth or dental prostheses. Tartar,Calculus, Dental
D004396 Coloring Agents Chemicals and substances that impart color including soluble dyes and insoluble pigments. They are used in INKS; PAINTS; and as INDICATORS AND REAGENTS. Coloring Agent,Dye,Dyes,Organic Pigment,Stain,Stains,Tissue Stain,Tissue Stains,Organic Pigments,Pigments, Inorganic,Agent, Coloring,Inorganic Pigments,Pigment, Organic,Pigments, Organic,Stain, Tissue,Stains, Tissue
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006882 Hydroxyapatites A group of compounds with the general formula M10(PO4)6(OH)2, where M is barium, strontium, or calcium. The compounds are the principal mineral in phosphorite deposits, biological tissue, human bones, and teeth. They are also used as an anticaking agent and polymer catalysts. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) Hydroxyapatite Derivatives,Derivatives, Hydroxyapatite
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D017550 Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared A spectroscopic technique in which a range of wavelengths is presented simultaneously with an interferometer and the spectrum is mathematically derived from the pattern thus obtained. FTIR,Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy,Spectroscopy, Infrared, Fourier Transform
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus

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