Diurnal changes of tyrosine, dopamine, and dopamine metabolites content in the retina of rats maintained at different lighting conditions. 2000

N V Pozdeyev, and E V Lavrikova
Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg. pozdeyev@aport.ru

The aim of the study was to investigate the daily rhythms of tyrosine (Tyr), dopamine (DA), 3,4-dioxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and homovanillic acid (HVA) content in the retina of rats maintained under different lighting conditions. Studied substances were measured by highly sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an electrochemical detection method. It was found that the levels of Tyr, DA, DOPAC, and HVA change diurnally in the retina of adult Wistar rats maintained under standard cyclic lighting (12-h light/12-h dark). The maximum was found during the light phase of 12:12 light:dark photoperiod. Diurnal changes of DA, DOPAC, and HVA persisted in constant darkness. When the rats were maintained in constant lighting conditions for 2 d (light intensity, 200 lx), the rhythms of tyrosine, DA, and DOPAC completely disappeared. However the level of HVA was higher during the subjective day. The presence of diurnal rhythm of melatonin content in the retina of rats was confirmed by HPLC with an amperometric detection method. Since the presence of time cues is not necessary for manifestation of diurnal changes of DA and its metabolite content, it was concluded that the circadian oscillator drives these rhythms. Probably DA can serve as a zeitgeber for retinal circadian rhythms.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008029 Lighting The illumination of an environment and the arrangement of lights to achieve an effect or optimal visibility. Its application is in domestic or in public settings and in medical and non-medical environments. Illumination
D008297 Male Males
D008550 Melatonin A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant.
D012160 Retina The ten-layered nervous tissue membrane of the eye. It is continuous with the OPTIC NERVE and receives images of external objects and transmits visual impulses to the brain. Its outer surface is in contact with the CHOROID and the inner surface with the VITREOUS BODY. The outer-most layer is pigmented, whereas the inner nine layers are transparent. Ora Serrata
D002940 Circadian Rhythm The regular recurrence, in cycles of about 24 hours, of biological processes or activities, such as sensitivity to drugs or environmental and physiological stimuli. Diurnal Rhythm,Nyctohemeral Rhythm,Twenty-Four Hour Rhythm,Nycthemeral Rhythm,Circadian Rhythms,Diurnal Rhythms,Nycthemeral Rhythms,Nyctohemeral Rhythms,Rhythm, Circadian,Rhythm, Diurnal,Rhythm, Nycthemeral,Rhythm, Nyctohemeral,Rhythm, Twenty-Four Hour,Rhythms, Circadian,Rhythms, Diurnal,Rhythms, Nycthemeral,Rhythms, Nyctohemeral,Rhythms, Twenty-Four Hour,Twenty Four Hour Rhythm,Twenty-Four Hour Rhythms
D003624 Darkness The absence of light. Darknesses
D004298 Dopamine One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action. Hydroxytyramine,3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine,4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2-benzenediol,Dopamine Hydrochloride,Intropin,3,4 Dihydroxyphenethylamine,Hydrochloride, Dopamine
D006719 Homovanillic Acid A 3-O-methyl ETHER of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. 3-Methoxy-4-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid,4-Hydroxy-3-Methoxyphenylacetic Acid,3 Methoxy 4 Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid,4 Hydroxy 3 Methoxyphenylacetic Acid,Acid, 3-Methoxy-4-Hydroxyphenylacetic,Acid, 4-Hydroxy-3-Methoxyphenylacetic,Acid, Homovanillic
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014443 Tyrosine A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin. L-Tyrosine,Tyrosine, L-isomer,para-Tyrosine,L Tyrosine,Tyrosine, L isomer,para Tyrosine

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