Biomaterial Database

Cognitive biases in anxiety disorders and their effect on cognitive-behavioral treatment. 2001

M G Craske, and D C Pontillo

Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, USA. craske@psych.ucla.edu

Cognitive theorists hypothesize that cognitive biases are a major component in the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders. These include attentional biases toward threat-related information, distorted judgments of risk, and selective memory processing. The empirical evidence for these cognitive biases in anxiety disorder populations is reviewed. Potential deleterious effects of these biases on the process of cognitive-behavioral therapy are also discussed, as are possible ways of overriding those effects and maximizing treatment efficacy.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007600	Judgment	The process of discovering or asserting an objective or intrinsic relation between two objects or concepts; a faculty or power that enables a person to make judgments; the process of bringing to light and asserting the implicit meaning of a concept; a critical evaluation of a person or situation.	Judgement,Judgements,Judgments
D008568	Memory	Complex mental function having four distinct phases: (1) memorizing or learning, (2) retention, (3) recall, and (4) recognition. Clinically, it is usually subdivided into immediate, recent, and remote memory.
D003674	Defense Mechanisms	Unconscious process used by an individual or a group of individuals in order to cope with impulses, feelings or ideas which are not acceptable at their conscious level; various types include reaction formation, projection and self reversal.	Mechanisms, Defense
D003887	Desensitization, Psychologic	A behavior therapy technique in which deep muscle relaxation is used to inhibit the effects of graded anxiety-evoking stimuli.	Desensitization (Psychology),Desensitization, Psychological,Psychologic Desensitization,Psychological Desensitization,Desensitizations (Psychology)
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001008	Anxiety Disorders	Persistent and disabling ANXIETY.	Anxiety Neuroses,Anxiety States, Neurotic,Neuroses, Anxiety,Anxiety Disorder,Anxiety State, Neurotic,Disorder, Anxiety,Disorders, Anxiety,Neurotic Anxiety State,Neurotic Anxiety States,State, Neurotic Anxiety,States, Neurotic Anxiety
D001288	Attention	Focusing on certain aspects of current experience to the exclusion of others. It is the act of heeding or taking notice or concentrating.	Focus of Attention,Selective Attention,Social Attention,Attention Focus,Attention, Selective,Attention, Social,Selective Attentions
D015928	Cognitive Behavioral Therapy	A directive form of psychotherapy based on the interpretation of situations (cognitive structure of experiences) that determine how an individual feels and behaves. It is based on the premise that cognition, the process of acquiring knowledge and forming beliefs, is a primary determinant of mood and behavior. The therapy uses behavioral and verbal techniques to identify and correct negative thinking that is at the root of the aberrant behavior.	Behavior Therapy, Cognitive,Cognitive Behaviour Therapy,Cognitive Therapy,Psychotherapy, Cognitive,Cognition Therapy,Cognitive Behavior Therapy,Cognitive Psychotherapy,Therapy, Cognition,Therapy, Cognitive,Therapy, Cognitive Behavior,Behavior Therapies, Cognitive,Behavioral Therapies, Cognitive,Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive,Behaviour Therapies, Cognitive,Behaviour Therapy, Cognitive,Cognition Therapies,Cognitive Behavior Therapies,Cognitive Behavioral Therapies,Cognitive Behaviour Therapies,Cognitive Psychotherapies,Cognitive Therapies,Psychotherapies, Cognitive,Therapies, Cognition,Therapies, Cognitive,Therapies, Cognitive Behavior,Therapies, Cognitive Behavioral,Therapies, Cognitive Behaviour,Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral,Therapy, Cognitive Behaviour