Biomaterial Database

Effect of particle size on macrophage-osteoclast differentiation in vitro. 2001

T Hirayama, and Y Fujikawa, and I Itonaga, and T Torisu

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oita Medical University, Japan.

To determine whether particle size affects macrophage-osteoclast differentiation in vitro, latex beads of 0.1, 1, and 10 microm in diameter were added to a murine macrophage-UMR106 osteoblast-like cell coculture system. The extent of osteoclast differentiation was determined by assessing the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells on glass coverslips and the extent of lacunar resorption on dentine slices. The addition of particles, 1 and 10microm in size, to the cocultures resulted in a significant increase in the number of TRAP-positive osteoclast-like cells and in the resorption pit surface area compared with findings in control cultures to which no particles had been added. Particles 0.1 microm in size also stimulated osteoclast formation relative to the control; however, the difference was not significant. These results indicate that particles, particularly these 1 and 10microm in size, sizes which were phagocytosable, significantly enhanced the process of macrophage-osteoclast differentiation and suggest that particle size plays an important role in periprosthetic osteolysis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007527	Isoenzymes	Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.	Alloenzyme,Allozyme,Isoenzyme,Isozyme,Isozymes,Alloenzymes,Allozymes
D007840	Latex	A milky, product excreted from the latex canals of a variety of plant species that contain cauotchouc. Latex is composed of 25-35% caoutchouc, 60-75% water, 2% protein, 2% resin, 1.5% sugar & 1% ash. RUBBER is made by the removal of water from latex.(From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). Hevein proteins are responsible for LATEX HYPERSENSITIVITY. Latexes are used as inert vehicles to carry antibodies or antigens in LATEX FIXATION TESTS.	Latices,Latice
D008264	Macrophages	The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)	Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages,Monocyte-Derived Macrophages,Macrophage,Macrophages, Monocyte-Derived,Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages,Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage,Macrophage, Bone Marrow-Derived,Macrophage, Monocyte-Derived,Macrophages, Bone Marrow-Derived,Macrophages, Monocyte Derived,Monocyte Derived Macrophages,Monocyte-Derived Macrophage
D010010	Osteoclasts	A large multinuclear cell associated with the BONE RESORPTION. An odontoclast, also called cementoclast, is cytomorphologically the same as an osteoclast and is involved in CEMENTUM resorption.	Odontoclasts,Cementoclast,Cementoclasts,Odontoclast,Osteoclast
D010014	Osteolysis	Dissolution of bone that particularly involves the removal or loss of calcium.	Osteolyses
D010316	Particle Size	Relating to the size of solids.	Particle Sizes,Size, Particle,Sizes, Particle
D002454	Cell Differentiation	Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.	Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D000071681	Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase	One of several acid phosphatases in humans, other mammals, plants, and a few prokaryotes. The protein fold of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) resembles that of the catalytic domain of plant purple acid phosphatase and other serine/threonine-protein phosphatases that also contain a metallophosphoesterase domain. One gene produces the various forms which include purple acid phosphatases from spleen and other tissues. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase is a biomarker for pathological states in which it is over-expressed. Such conditions include GAUCHER DISEASE; HODGKIN DISEASE; BONE RESORPTION; and NEOPLASM METASTASIS.	AcPase V,Acid Phosphatase V,TRAP Type 5 AcPase,TRAcP,Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase Type 5,Type 5 Acid Phosphatase,Uteroferrin,Acid Phosphatase, Tartrate-Resistant,Phosphatase V, Acid,Phosphatase, Tartrate-Resistant Acid,Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase,Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase Type 5,V, AcPase,V, Acid Phosphatase
D000135	Acid Phosphatase	An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.	Acid beta-Glycerophosphatase,Acid beta Glycerophosphatase
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia