Prior studies suggest that Corynebacterium jeikeium bacteremia in immunocompromised patients results in frequent morbidity that may be decreased by prompt removal of the indwelling catheter. To summarize recent experience, charts of 53 bone marrow transplant recipients with Hickman catheters and C. jeikeium bacteremia were reviewed. Forty-one patients were treated with vancomycin without catheter removal and 10 patients underwent catheter removal with subsequent vancomycin therapy. No patient in either group died with C. jeikeium bacteremia as the proximate cause. Salvage of the intravascular catheter was successful in 38 of 41 (93%) attempts. Three patients (7%) in the catheter-salvage group and one patient (10%) in the catheter-removal group experienced recurrent bacteremia. In both catheter-salvage and catheter-removal groups, median time to negative blood culture was 2 days. Thus, time to clearance of bacteremia and patient clinical outcome did not differ between treatment groups. In many patients with Hickman catheters, C. jeikeium bacteremia may be treated successfully with vancomycin and without removal of the catheter.