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We estimated seroincidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and prevalence of risk behaviors among injection drug users (IDUs) who accepted voluntary HIV testing on entry to drug treatment. Record-based incidence studies were conducted in 12 drug treatment programs in New York City (n = 890); Newark, New Jersey (n = 521); Seattle, Washington (n = 1,256); and Los Angeles, California (n = 733). Records of confidential HIV tests were abstracted for information on demographics, drug use, and HIV test results. More detailed data on risk behaviors were obtained by a standardized questionnaire. Although overall incidence rates were relatively low in this population (<1/100 person-years), there was a high prevalence of risk behaviors. Needle sharing was reported by more than one-third of the participants in each of the cities. HIV seroincidence rates were up to three-fold higher among younger ID Us. We found that HIV continued to be transmitted among ID Us who had received both drug treatment and HIV counseling and testing. HIV/AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) prevention education should continue to be an important component of drug treatment.
C S Murrill, and
D R Prevots, and
M S Miller, and
L A Linley, and
J E Royalty, and
M Gwinn, and
March 1996,
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology : official publication of the International Retrovirology Association,
C S Murrill, and
D R Prevots, and
M S Miller, and
L A Linley, and
J E Royalty, and
M Gwinn, and
August 2011,
The Medical journal of Australia,
C S Murrill, and
D R Prevots, and
M S Miller, and
L A Linley, and
J E Royalty, and
M Gwinn, and
April 2002,
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne,
C S Murrill, and
D R Prevots, and
M S Miller, and
L A Linley, and
J E Royalty, and
M Gwinn, and
May 1994,
AIDS (London, England),
C S Murrill, and
D R Prevots, and
M S Miller, and
L A Linley, and
J E Royalty, and
M Gwinn, and
January 1991,
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes,
C S Murrill, and
D R Prevots, and
M S Miller, and
L A Linley, and
J E Royalty, and
M Gwinn, and
January 2008,
Drug and alcohol review,
C S Murrill, and
D R Prevots, and
M S Miller, and
L A Linley, and
J E Royalty, and
M Gwinn, and
June 2004,
Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine,
C S Murrill, and
D R Prevots, and
M S Miller, and
L A Linley, and
J E Royalty, and
M Gwinn, and
September 2005,
Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine,
C S Murrill, and
D R Prevots, and
M S Miller, and
L A Linley, and
J E Royalty, and
M Gwinn, and
March 2006,
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America,
C S Murrill, and
D R Prevots, and
M S Miller, and
L A Linley, and
J E Royalty, and
M Gwinn, and
March 2012,
Current opinion in HIV and AIDS,
