Atopic dermatitis is a chronic-relapsing disease that often requires an individualized therapeutic approach. There are various treatment options that address known pathogenetic pathways and, when used in combination, are often very successfull. In view of the fact that a unifying pathogenic concept as well as a therapeutic regimen is not available to this very day, preventative measures that should be introduced in very early childhood. Therefore, one very important goal in treatment is to identify and eliminate triggering factors which include irritants, allergens and cutaneous bacterial, viral or fungial infections. The mainstay of therapy today are external emmollients, which when used appropriately, can reduce the need for systemic treatments. The reconvalescence can be speeded up by auxilliary therapies such as UVA or UVB, psychotherapeutical strategies such as stress reduction as well as so-called climate-("Klima") therapy.