Endometriosis is a disease that is wide-ranging in location and highly varied in clinical presentation, and of probably complex etiology. Since convincing studies on this condition are few, many physicians maintain a traditional perspective in management and treatment. There is new evidence, though, on some aspects of endometriosis. Therefore, this review of many of the better studies outlines treatments that are aimed at pain and/or infertility, plus an assessment of the outcomes obtained. The methods covered are symptomatic treatment; ovarian suppression; surgery; combined ovarian suppression and surgery; ovarian hyperstimulation; assisted reproductive technology; and comprehensive management, including counseling.