Biomaterial Database

Infection of human NT2 cells and differentiated NT-neurons with herpes simplex virus and replication-incompetent herpes simplex virus vectors. 2001

J P Weir

Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

The human embryonal carcinoma cell line NT2 differentiates irreversibly into postmitotic neuron-like cells following treatment with retinoic acid. These differentiated NT-neurons resemble central nervous system (CNS) neurons and are characterized by development of dendrites and axons and the expression of neuron-specific markers. Because of their unique biological characteristics, NT-neurons were investigated for their utility as a system for studying the replication of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in the neuron and for evaluating characteristics of HSV vectors designed for gene delivery to the neuron. Virus replication in differentiated NT-neurons was significantly reduced and delayed relative to replication in undifferentiated NT2 cells. Replication of thymidine-kinase (tk) deficient HSV was further impaired in NT-neurons, reflecting the behavior of tk-negative virus in primary neurons in vitro and ganglia in vivo. Furthermore, replication-incompetent HSV vectors were capable of infecting NT-neurons, expressing a foreign gene, and persisting in a recoverable state for at least 2 weeks following delivery. These results suggest that differentiated NT-neurons can provide a continuous source of human, post-mitotic neurons-like cells for the study of HSV biology and HSV vector development.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009474	Neurons	The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.	Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D002454	Cell Differentiation	Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.	Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D005822	Genetic Vectors	DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.	Cloning Vectors,Shuttle Vectors,Vectors, Genetic,Cloning Vector,Genetic Vector,Shuttle Vector,Vector, Cloning,Vector, Genetic,Vector, Shuttle,Vectors, Cloning,Vectors, Shuttle
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001616	beta-Galactosidase	A group of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-galactosides. Deficiency of beta-Galactosidase A1 may cause GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GM1.	Lactases,Dairyaid,Lactaid,Lactogest,Lactrase,beta-D-Galactosidase,beta-Galactosidase A1,beta-Galactosidase A2,beta-Galactosidase A3,beta-Galactosidases,lac Z Protein,Protein, lac Z,beta D Galactosidase,beta Galactosidase,beta Galactosidase A1,beta Galactosidase A2,beta Galactosidase A3,beta Galactosidases
D012367	RNA, Viral	Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.	Viral RNA
D013937	Thymidine Kinase	An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP and thymidine to ADP and thymidine 5'-phosphate. Deoxyuridine can also act as an acceptor and dGTP as a donor. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.7.1.21.	Deoxythymidine Kinase,Deoxypyrimidine Kinase,Kinase, Deoxypyrimidine,Kinase, Deoxythymidine,Kinase, Thymidine
D014411	Neoplastic Stem Cells	Highly proliferative, self-renewing, and colony-forming stem cells which give rise to NEOPLASMS.	Cancer Stem Cells,Colony-Forming Units, Neoplastic,Stem Cells, Neoplastic,Tumor Stem Cells,Neoplastic Colony-Forming Units,Tumor Initiating Cells,Cancer Stem Cell,Cell, Cancer Stem,Cell, Neoplastic Stem,Cell, Tumor Initiating,Cell, Tumor Stem,Cells, Cancer Stem,Cells, Neoplastic Stem,Cells, Tumor Initiating,Cells, Tumor Stem,Colony Forming Units, Neoplastic,Colony-Forming Unit, Neoplastic,Initiating Cell, Tumor,Initiating Cells, Tumor,Neoplastic Colony Forming Units,Neoplastic Colony-Forming Unit,Neoplastic Stem Cell,Stem Cell, Cancer,Stem Cell, Neoplastic,Stem Cell, Tumor,Stem Cells, Cancer,Stem Cells, Tumor,Tumor Initiating Cell,Tumor Stem Cell,Unit, Neoplastic Colony-Forming,Units, Neoplastic Colony-Forming
D014779	Virus Replication	The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.	Viral Replication,Replication, Viral,Replication, Virus,Replications, Viral,Replications, Virus,Viral Replications,Virus Replications
D054278	Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells	The malignant stem cells of TERATOCARCINOMAS, which resemble pluripotent stem cells of the BLASTOCYST INNER CELL MASS. The EC cells can be grown in vitro, and experimentally induced to differentiate. They are used as a model system for studying early embryonic cell differentiation.	Embryonal Carcinoma Cells,F9 Embryonal Carcinoma Cells,F9 Teratocarcinoma Stem Cells,Teratocarcinoma Stem Cells,Carcinoma Cell, Embryonal,Carcinoma Cells, Embryonal,Cell, Embryonal Carcinoma,Cell, Teratocarcinoma Stem,Cells, Embryonal Carcinoma,Cells, Teratocarcinoma Stem,Embryonal Carcinoma Cell,Stem Cell, Teratocarcinoma,Stem Cells, Teratocarcinoma,Teratocarcinoma Stem Cell