Biomaterial Database

Dopamine receptor polymorphisms and drug response in schizophrenia. 2001

J Scharfetter

Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie, Abteilung für Allgemeine Psychiatrie, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Wien, Austria. joachim.scharfetter@akh-wien.ac.at

The elucidation of the assumed genetic contribution to the predisposition towards schizophrenia is a scientifically challenging enterprise with considerable impact on therapeutic possibilities. A pharmacogenetic approach, targeted to the clinical response to medication, provides a promising alternative as a means of investigation, with the prospect of gaining knowledge about the disease and of developing an individually tailored medical treatment. This review will focus on dopamine receptor genes which have, due to the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia, been a prime target in pharmacogenetic studies of schizophrenia. The current status of the studies results will be displayed and future prospects will be discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010597	Pharmacogenetics	A branch of genetics which deals with the genetic variability in individual responses to drugs and drug metabolism (BIOTRANSFORMATION).	Pharmacogenomics
D011110	Polymorphism, Genetic	The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more discontinuous genotypes. The concept includes differences in genotypes ranging in size from a single nucleotide site (POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE) to large nucleotide sequences visible at a chromosomal level.	Gene Polymorphism,Genetic Polymorphism,Polymorphism (Genetics),Genetic Polymorphisms,Gene Polymorphisms,Polymorphism, Gene,Polymorphisms (Genetics),Polymorphisms, Gene,Polymorphisms, Genetic
D011954	Receptors, Dopamine	Cell-surface proteins that bind dopamine with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells.	Dopamine Receptors,Dopamine Receptor,Receptor, Dopamine
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012559	Schizophrenia	A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior.	Dementia Praecox,Schizophrenic Disorders,Disorder, Schizophrenic,Disorders, Schizophrenic,Schizophrenias,Schizophrenic Disorder
D017448	Receptors, Dopamine D2	A subfamily of G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS that bind the neurotransmitter DOPAMINE and modulate its effects. D2-class receptor genes contain INTRONS, and the receptors inhibit ADENYLYL CYCLASES.	Dopamine D2 Receptors,Dopamine-D2 Receptor,D2 Receptors, Dopamine,Dopamine D2 Receptor,Receptor, Dopamine-D2
D050637	Receptors, Dopamine D3	A subtype of dopamine D2 receptors that are highly expressed in the LIMBIC SYSTEM of the brain.	Dopamine D3 Receptors,Dopamine D3 Receptor,Dopamine Receptor D3,Receptor, Dopamine-D3,Dopamine-D3 Receptor
D050638	Receptors, Dopamine D4	A subtype of dopamine D2 receptors that has high affinity for the antipsychotic CLOZAPINE.	Dopamine D4 Receptors,Dopamine D4 Receptor,Receptor, Dopamine D4,D4 Receptor, Dopamine,D4 Receptors, Dopamine