Biomaterial Database

[Cytogenetic effects of toxic metal salts on apical meristem cells of Allium cepa L. seed roots]. 2001

A I Dovgaliuk, and T B Kaliniak, and Ia B Blium

Comparative analysis of the influence of the salts of Cd, Pb, Ni, Al, Cu and Zn at concentrations 10(-6)-10(-3) M on cytogenetic parameters of Allium cepa apical meristem cells was carried out. It was shown that these metal compounds could induce both the clastogenic and the aneugenic effects (including mitosis and cytokinesis disturbances). Based on ability to cause the chromosome aberrations the metal salts were arranged in such row of genotoxicity: ZnSO4 > Pb(CH3COO)2 > Al(NO3)3 approximately NiSO4 > CdCl2 > CuSO4. The investigated compounds of cadmium, lead, nickel and aluminum were found to be more effective aneugens than clastogens. According to our data NiSO4 had the strongest antimitotic activity (it increased the percentage of chromosome lagging of, multipolar anaphases, C-mitoses in 69.6 times, compared to the control). The ability of other metal salts to induce such abnormalities decreased in the range: CdCl2 > Al(NO3)3 > Pb(CH3COO)2 > CuSO4 > ZnSO4. Increasing of binuclear cells on the slides was revealed after treatment by all tested substances, however Ni sulfate was found as the strongest inducer of cytokinesis abnormalities. Presented results allowed to suggest that cytoskeleton could be a cell target for salts of some metals (especially for NiSO4).

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009152	Mutagenicity Tests	Tests of chemical substances and physical agents for mutagenic potential. They include microbial, insect, mammalian cell, and whole animal tests.	Genetic Toxicity Tests,Genotoxicity Tests,Mutagen Screening,Tests, Genetic Toxicity,Toxicity Tests, Genetic,Genetic Toxicity Test,Genotoxicity Test,Mutagen Screenings,Mutagenicity Test,Screening, Mutagen,Screenings, Mutagen,Test, Genotoxicity,Tests, Genotoxicity,Toxicity Test, Genetic
D002455	Cell Division	The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.	M Phase,Cell Division Phase,Cell Divisions,Division Phase, Cell,Division, Cell,Divisions, Cell,M Phases,Phase, Cell Division,Phase, M,Phases, M
D002869	Chromosome Aberrations	Abnormal number or structure of chromosomes. Chromosome aberrations may result in CHROMOSOME DISORDERS.	Autosome Abnormalities,Cytogenetic Aberrations,Abnormalities, Autosome,Abnormalities, Chromosomal,Abnormalities, Chromosome,Chromosomal Aberrations,Chromosome Abnormalities,Cytogenetic Abnormalities,Aberration, Chromosomal,Aberration, Chromosome,Aberration, Cytogenetic,Aberrations, Chromosomal,Aberrations, Chromosome,Aberrations, Cytogenetic,Abnormalities, Cytogenetic,Abnormality, Autosome,Abnormality, Chromosomal,Abnormality, Chromosome,Abnormality, Cytogenetic,Autosome Abnormality,Chromosomal Aberration,Chromosomal Abnormalities,Chromosomal Abnormality,Chromosome Aberration,Chromosome Abnormality,Cytogenetic Aberration,Cytogenetic Abnormality
D012639	Seeds	The encapsulated embryos of flowering plants. They are used as is or for animal feed because of the high content of concentrated nutrients like starches, proteins, and fats. Rapeseed, cottonseed, and sunflower seed are also produced for the oils (fats) they yield.	Diaspores,Elaiosomes,Embryos, Plant,Plant Embryos,Plant Zygotes,Zygotes, Plant,Diaspore,Elaiosome,Embryo, Plant,Plant Embryo,Plant Zygote,Seed,Zygote, Plant
D048629	Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective	Defective nuclei produced during the TELOPHASE of MITOSIS or MEIOSIS by lagging CHROMOSOMES or chromosome fragments derived from spontaneous or experimentally induced chromosomal structural changes.	Chromosome-Defective Micronuclei,Genotoxicant-Induced Micronuclei,Micronuclei, Genotoxicant-Induced,Micronucleus, Chromosome-Defective,Chromosome Defective Micronuclei,Chromosome-Defective Micronucleus,Genotoxicant Induced Micronuclei,Genotoxicant-Induced Micronucleus,Micronuclei, Chromosome Defective,Micronuclei, Genotoxicant Induced,Micronucleus, Chromosome Defective,Micronucleus, Genotoxicant-Induced
D018519	Meristem	A group of plant cells that are capable of dividing infinitely and whose main function is the production of new growth at the growing tip of a root or stem. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)	Root Tip,Meristems,Root Tips,Tip, Root,Tips, Root
D019216	Metals, Heavy	Metals with high specific gravity, typically larger than 5. They have complex spectra, form colored salts and double salts, have a low electrode potential, are mainly amphoteric, yield weak bases and weak acids, and are oxidizing or reducing agents (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Heavy Metal,Heavy Metals,Metal, Heavy
D019697	Onions	Herbaceous biennial plants and their edible bulbs, belonging to the Allium genus.	Allium cepa,Allium porrum,Leeks,Leek,Onion