Biomaterial Database

[Georges Mareschal (1658-1736) the founder of the Académie de Chirurgie]. 1996

J J Peumery

Georges Mareschal born in 1658 was the son of an Irish gentleman serving in the army of Louis XIII: John Marshall ennobled after the battle of Rocroi (1643) with a francisation of his name. He came to Paris in 1677 and worked with a master-surgeon: Le Breton. He went at the Charité hospital in 1684, was received master-surgeon in 1688 and became there chief-surgeon in 1692. He modified and improved lithotomy. After having operated several personalities and king Louis XIV he became his first surgeon in 1703, later "Maître d'Hôtel" in 1706 and was finally ennobled in 1707. He visited regularly sick people belonging to all classes of society in the Versailles area and played a part in the "poisons affair" in 1712. He remained the First Surgeon of Louis XV and received the cross of Saint-Michel order in 1723. He created with La Peyronie a School of Surgery in Paris officialized by patent letters in 1726. With the help of the same collaborator he founded in 1731 the "SociétéAcademique des chirurgiens de Paris" which will become in 1748 the "Académie Royale de Chirurgie" after his death and that of La Peyronie who had been nominated himself First Surgeon.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D005197	Famous Persons	Individuals widely known or recognized.	Famous Person,Persons, Famous
D005602	France	A country in western Europe bordered by the Atlantic Ocean, the English Channel, the Mediterranean Sea, and the countries of Belgium, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, the principalities of Andorra and Monaco, and by the duchy of Luxembourg. Its capital is Paris.	Corsica,Saint Pierre and Miquelon,Miquelon and Saint Pierre,Miquelon and St. Pierre,St. Pierre and Miquelon
D000047	Academies and Institutes	Organizations representing specialized fields which are accepted as authoritative; may be non-governmental, university or an independent research organization, e.g., National Academy of Sciences, Brookings Institution, etc.	Institutes,Research Institutes,Academies,Academy and Institute,Institutes and Academies,Academy,Institute and Academy,Institute, Research,Institutes, Research,Research Institute
D013502	General Surgery	A specialty in which manual or operative procedures are used in the treatment of disease, injuries, or deformities.	Surgery,Surgery, General
D049670	History, 17th Century	Time period from 1601 through 1700 of the common era.	17th Century History,17th Cent. History (Medicine),17th Cent. History of Medicine,17th Cent. Medicine,Historical Events, 17th Century,History of Medicine, 17th Cent.,History, Seventeenth Century,Medical History, 17th Cent.,Medicine, 17th Cent.,17th Cent. Histories (Medicine),17th Century Histories,Cent. Histories, 17th (Medicine),Century Histories, Seventeenth,Century History, 17th,Century History, Seventeenth,Histories, 17th Cent. (Medicine),Histories, 17th Century,Histories, Seventeenth Century,History, 17th Cent. (Medicine),Seventeenth Century Histories,Seventeenth Century History
D049671	History, 18th Century	Time period from 1701 through 1800 of the common era.	18th Century History,18th Cent. History (Medicine),18th Cent. History of Medicine,18th Cent. Medicine,Historical Events, 18th Century,History of Medicine, 18th Cent.,History, Eighteenth Century,Medical History, 18th Cent.,Medicine, 18th Cent.,18th Century Histories,Cent. History, 18th (Medicine),Cent. Medicine, 18th,Century Histories, 18th,Century Histories, Eighteenth,Century History, 18th,Century History, Eighteenth,Eighteenth Century Histories,Eighteenth Century History,Histories, 18th Century,Histories, Eighteenth Century,History, 18th Cent. (Medicine)