Biomaterial Database

[Joseph Désiré Tholozan and the Persian relapsing fever]. 1998

F Rodhain

In the year 1879, Tholozan seems to have been convinced of the danger caused by the bites of ornithodores in Persia, as a result of very careful observations of sick persons suffering from iranian relapsing fever due to Borrelia persica. Among the ticks collected by him and sent to entomologists in France was the true vector, named Argas (presently Ornithodoros) tholozani by Laboulbene and Megnin. Tholozan's contribution to our knowledge on persian relapsing fever is really important. He was one of the first to provide a good clinical description of the disease and to involve an argasid tick in its transmission. He discovered the real vector species which is now called after him.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010274	Parasitology	The study of parasites and PARASITIC DISEASES.	Medical Parasitology,Parasitology, Medical
D012061	Relapsing Fever	An acute infection characterized by recurrent episodes of PYREXIA alternating with asymptomatic intervals of apparent recovery. This condition is caused by SPIROCHETES of the genus BORRELIA. It is transmitted by the BITES of either the body louse (PEDICULUS humanus corporis), for which humans are the reservoir, or by soft ticks of the genus ORNITHODOROS, for which rodents and other animals are the principal reservoirs.	Borrelia hermsii Infection,Borrelia recurrentis Infection,Louse-borne Relapsing Fever,Tick-borne Relapsing Fever,Borrelia hermsii Infections,Borrelia recurrentis Infections,Fever, Louse-borne Relapsing,Fever, Relapsing,Fever, Tick-borne Relapsing,Infection, Borrelia hermsii,Infection, Borrelia recurrentis,Louse borne Relapsing Fever,Louse-borne Relapsing Fevers,Relapsing Fever, Louse-borne,Relapsing Fever, Tick-borne,Relapsing Fevers,Tick borne Relapsing Fever,Tick-borne Relapsing Fevers
D004199	Disease Vectors	Invertebrates or non-human vertebrates which transmit infective organisms from one host to another.	Infectious Disease Vectors,Disease Vector,Disease Vector, Infectious,Disease Vectors, Infectious,Infectious Disease Vector,Vector, Disease,Vector, Infectious Disease,Vectors, Disease,Vectors, Infectious Disease
D005602	France	A country in western Europe bordered by the Atlantic Ocean, the English Channel, the Mediterranean Sea, and the countries of Belgium, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, the principalities of Andorra and Monaco, and by the duchy of Luxembourg. Its capital is Paris.	Corsica,Saint Pierre and Miquelon,Miquelon and Saint Pierre,Miquelon and St. Pierre,St. Pierre and Miquelon
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013987	Ticks	Blood-sucking acarid parasites of the order Ixodida comprising two families: the softbacked ticks (ARGASIDAE) and hardbacked ticks (IXODIDAE). Ticks are larger than their relatives, the MITES. They penetrate the skin of their host by means of highly specialized, hooked mouth parts and feed on its blood. Ticks attack all groups of terrestrial vertebrates. In humans they are responsible for many TICK-BORNE DISEASES, including the transmission of ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER; TULAREMIA; BABESIOSIS; AFRICAN SWINE FEVER; and RELAPSING FEVER. (From Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, 5th ed, pp543-44)	Ixodida,Ixodidas,Tick
D049672	History, 19th Century	Time period from 1801 through 1900 of the common era.	19th Century History,19th Cent. History (Medicine),19th Cent. History of Medicine,19th Cent. Medicine,Historical Events, 19th Century,History of Medicine, 19th Cent.,History, Nineteenth Century,Medical History, 19th Cent.,Medicine, 19th Cent.,19th Cent. Histories (Medicine),19th Century Histories,Cent. Histories, 19th (Medicine),Cent. History, 19th (Medicine),Century Histories, 19th,Century Histories, Nineteenth,Century History, 19th,Century History, Nineteenth,Histories, 19th Cent. (Medicine),Histories, 19th Century,Histories, Nineteenth Century,History, 19th Cent. (Medicine),Nineteenth Century Histories,Nineteenth Century History
D019071	Persia	An ancient civilization, known as early as 2000 B.C. The Persian Empire was founded by Cyrus the Great (550-529 B.C.) and for 200 years, from 550 to 331 B.C., the Persians ruled the ancient world from India to Egypt. The territory west of India was called Persis by the Greeks who later called the entire empire Persia. In 331 B.C. the Persian wars against the Greeks ended disastrously under the counterattacks by Alexander the Great. The name Persia in modern times for the modern country was changed to Iran in 1935. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p546 & Asimov, Words on the Map, 1962, p176)	Persian Empire