Biomaterial Database

[Toxinogenic moulds in silage. II. -- In vitro kinetics of patulin and byssochlamic acid biosynthesis by Byssochlamys nivea Westling in liquid medium (author's transl)]. 1975

L Escoula

A strain of Byssochlamys nivea (E 70), isolated from an silage and in pure culture, produces two mycotoxins (patulin and byssochlamic acid). A comparison of the toxinogenesis of this fungic species on eight culture media (table I) shows that maximal patulin concentration (816 p.p.m.) is obtained on Czapek's liquid medium (Difco) enriched with yeast extract (2 p. 1000) and glucose (8 p. 1 000) ; maximal byssochlamic acid concentration (390 p.p.m.) is obtained on wet corn grains (80 p. 100 of water). The lowest amounts are found on soya meal (patulin : 30 p.p.m.; byssochamic acid : 15.2 p.p.m.). Study of patulin and byssochlamic acid biosynthesis kinetics on liquid medium at 26 degrees C reveals that maximum patulin is obtained on day 9 of culture. It precedes maximum growth of the mould, and appears to coincide with phialospores formation. Maximum production of byssochlamic acid is obtained after 60 days of culture, that is, during mould autolysis phase. Kinetics of these mycotoxin productions should be studied in silage storage conditions.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009183	Mycotoxins	Toxic compounds produced by FUNGI.	Fungal Toxins,Mycotoxin,Toxins, Fungal
D010365	Patulin	4-Hydroxy-4H-furo(3,2-c)pyran-2(6H)-one. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. It is found in unfermented apple and grape juice and field crops. It has antibiotic properties and has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic and causes chromosome damage in biological systems.
D011714	Pyrans		Pyran
D003470	Culture Media	Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.	Media, Culture
D005663	Furans	Compounds with a 5-membered ring of four carbons and an oxygen. They are aromatic heterocycles. The reduced form is tetrahydrofuran.	Tetrahydrofurans
D005947	Glucose	A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.	Dextrose,Anhydrous Dextrose,D-Glucose,Glucose Monohydrate,Glucose, (DL)-Isomer,Glucose, (alpha-D)-Isomer,Glucose, (beta-D)-Isomer,D Glucose,Dextrose, Anhydrous,Monohydrate, Glucose
D000821	Animal Feed	Foodstuff used especially for domestic and laboratory animals, or livestock.	Fodder,Animal Feeds,Feed, Animal,Feeds, Animal,Fodders
D001203	Ascomycota	A phylum of fungi which have cross-walls or septa in the mycelium. The perfect state is characterized by the formation of a saclike cell (ascus) containing ascospores. Most pathogenic fungi with a known perfect state belong to this phylum.	Ascomycetes,Cochliobolus,Sclerotinia,Ascomycete,Ascomycotas,Sclerotinias
D012820	Silage	Fodder converted into succulent feed for livestock through processes of anaerobic fermentation (as in a silo).
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor