Biomaterial Database

Tracheostomy and endotracheal tube cuff volume and pressure changes during thoracic operations. 1975

T H Stanley, and W S Liu

The effects of oxygen and 60% nitrous oxide and oxygen on the pressure and volume of Portex low-pressure (LP) and high-pressure (HP) endotracheal tube cuffs were determined in 120 intubated patients undergoing thoracic surgical procedures. Cuffs were filled with either room air or a sample of the inspired gases. All cuffs had sustained significant increases in cuff volume and pressure by the end of the procedure except those filled with inspired gases. LP cuffs had lower initial and final cuff pressures than HP cuffs, but pressure and volume changes were similar with both types. Cuff gas analysis revealed that cuff volume changes were due to diffusion of oxygen and nitrous oxide into the cuff and failure of nitrogen to diffuse out. These findings suggest that cuff overexpansion during anesthesia or prolonged ventilation may be an important cause of tracheal trauma.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007442	Intubation, Intratracheal	A procedure involving placement of a tube into the trachea through the mouth or nose in order to provide a patient with oxygen and anesthesia.	Intubation, Endotracheal,Endotracheal Intubation,Endotracheal Intubations,Intratracheal Intubation,Intratracheal Intubations,Intubations, Endotracheal,Intubations, Intratracheal
D009609	Nitrous Oxide	Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcotic effect and may replace oxygen, causing death by asphyxia. It is also used as a food aerosol in the preparation of whipping cream.	Laughing Gas,Nitrogen Protoxide,Gas, Laughing,Oxide, Nitrous
D010100	Oxygen	An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.	Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D011312	Pressure	A type of stress exerted uniformly in all directions. Its measure is the force exerted per unit area. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)	Pressures
D004737	Enflurane	An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.	Alyrane,Enfran,Enlirane,Ethrane,Etran
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000769	Anesthesia, Inhalation	Anesthesia caused by the breathing of anesthetic gases or vapors or by insufflating anesthetic gases or vapors into the respiratory tract.	Insufflation Anesthesia,Anesthesia, Insufflation,Inhalation Anesthesia
D013903	Thoracic Surgery	A surgical specialty concerned with diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the heart, lungs, and esophagus. Two major types of thoracic surgery are classified as pulmonary and cardiovascular.	Cardiac Surgery,Heart Surgery,Surgery, Cardiac,Surgery, Heart,Surgery, Thoracic
D013909	Thorax	The upper part of the trunk between the NECK and the ABDOMEN. It contains the chief organs of the circulatory and respiratory systems. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	Chest,Thoraces,Chests,Thorace
D014140	Tracheotomy	Surgical incision of the trachea.	Tracheotomies