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A 45-year-old man was diagnosed as having acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in February 1997. Complete remission was achieved by chemotherapy, and allogeneic BMT from his HLA-identical sister was performed on November 13, 1997. He developed acute GVHD (grade II), but quickly recovered after methyl-PSL pulse therapy. On June 5, 1998--day 202 after BMT--abdominal pain developed. X-ray and CT examinations showed pneumatosis intestinalis, pneumoperitoneum, pneumomediastinum and abdominal free air. We performed oxygen administration and methyl-PSL pulse therapy, and this quickly improved the symptoms. Corticosteroid and chronic GVHD were thought to be the causative factors of pneumatosis intestinalis in this case. Although pneumatosis intestinalis is relatively rare, it is one of the important potential complications that can occur after allogeneic BMT.
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