Exposure of eggs to ultrasound during incubation and its effect on hatchability and growth. 1975

C K Levenick, and P A Kondra, and M Freese

An experiment was undertaken to study the effect of exposing incubating embryos to short ultrasonic pulses across the intact egg shell. Three minute exposures to 2.25 MHz. pulses, average incident intensity equals 28.6 mW./cm.2, failed to show any effect on embryonic mutation, hatchability, sex ratio, or body weight. On the average the ultrasonic absorption of the egg shells ranged from 26 dB./mm. at 0.6 MHz. to 100 dB./mm. at 2.25 MHz. The transmitted power incident on the blastodisc, consisting mainly of spectrum components below 1.0 MHz., was estimated at congruent to 1% of the incident power.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007185 Incubators Insulated enclosures in which temperature, humidity, and other environmental conditions can be regulated at levels optimal for growth, hatching, reproduction, or metabolic reactions. Incubator
D008297 Male Males
D002642 Chick Embryo The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching. Embryo, Chick,Chick Embryos,Embryos, Chick
D002645 Chickens Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA. Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D004531 Eggs Animal reproductive bodies, or the contents thereof, used as food. The concept is differentiated from OVUM, the anatomic or physiologic entity.
D005260 Female Females
D005298 Fertility The capacity to conceive or to induce conception. It may refer to either the male or female. Fecundity,Below Replacement Fertility,Differential Fertility,Fecundability,Fertility Determinants,Fertility Incentives,Fertility Preferences,Fertility, Below Replacement,Marital Fertility,Natural Fertility,Subfecundity,World Fertility Survey,Determinant, Fertility,Determinants, Fertility,Fertility Determinant,Fertility Incentive,Fertility Preference,Fertility Survey, World,Fertility Surveys, World,Fertility, Differential,Fertility, Marital,Fertility, Natural,Preference, Fertility,Preferences, Fertility,Survey, World Fertility,Surveys, World Fertility,World Fertility Surveys
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012744 Sex Ratio The number of males per 100 females. Ratio, Sex,Ratios, Sex,Sex Ratios
D013997 Time Factors Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations. Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor

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