Transplantation of islets of Langerhans: new developments. 2001

T Berney, and L Bühler, and A Caulfield, and J Oberholzer, and C Toso, and R Alejandro, and D K Cooper, and C Ricordi, and P Morel
Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, 24 Rue Micheli-Du-Crest, CH 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland. leo.buhler@tbrc.mgh.harvard.edu

The clinical results recently reported by the Edmonton group in recipients of allogeneic islet grafts, all of whom achieved at least temporary insulin independence, has rekindled interest in transplantation of islets of Langerhans as a means to cure diabetes. Long-term islet graft survival has been achieved in a non-human primate pre-clinical model with a protocol of T-cell signaling blockade using a new monoclonal antibody. Islet xenotransplantation (namely the use of animal islets, with the aim of transplanting them into humans), or stem cell technology (the controlled differentiation of stem cells to obtain specialised cells for the treatment of diabetes) are other procedures currently being evaluated in animal models. The recent clinical success suggests that, in the near future, diabetes might be treated by islet transplantation early in the clinical course of the disease before the development of complications, and without the risks associated with conventional immunosuppression.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D003922 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence. Diabetes Mellitus, Brittle,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Juvenile-Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis-Prone,Diabetes Mellitus, Sudden-Onset,Diabetes, Autoimmune,IDDM,Autoimmune Diabetes,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, 1,Diabetes Mellitus, Type I,Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus 1,Juvenile-Onset Diabetes,Type 1 Diabetes,Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus,Brittle Diabetes Mellitus,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Juvenile Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis Prone,Diabetes Mellitus, Sudden Onset,Diabetes, Juvenile-Onset,Diabetes, Type 1,Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus 1,Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,Juvenile Onset Diabetes,Juvenile-Onset Diabetes Mellitus,Ketosis-Prone Diabetes Mellitus,Sudden-Onset Diabetes Mellitus
D005544 Forecasting The prediction or projection of the nature of future problems or existing conditions based upon the extrapolation or interpretation of existing scientific data or by the application of scientific methodology. Futurology,Projections and Predictions,Future,Predictions and Projections
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013552 Swine Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA). Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog
D014183 Transplantation, Heterologous Transplantation between animals of different species. Xenotransplantation,Heterograft Transplantation,Heterografting,Heterologous Transplantation,Xenograft Transplantation,Xenografting,Transplantation, Heterograft,Transplantation, Xenograft
D014184 Transplantation, Homologous Transplantation between individuals of the same species. Usually refers to genetically disparate individuals in contradistinction to isogeneic transplantation for genetically identical individuals. Transplantation, Allogeneic,Allogeneic Grafting,Allogeneic Transplantation,Allografting,Homografting,Homologous Transplantation,Grafting, Allogeneic
D016381 Islets of Langerhans Transplantation The transference of pancreatic islets within an individual, between individuals of the same species, or between individuals of different species. Grafting, Islets of Langerhans,Pancreatic Islets Transplantation,Transplantation, Islets of Langerhans,Transplantation, Pancreatic Islets,Islands of Langerhans Transplantation,Islands of Pancreas Transplantation,Islet Transplantation,Transplantation, Islands of Langerhans,Transplantation, Islands of Pancreas,Transplantation, Islet,Islet Transplantations,Islets Transplantation, Pancreatic,Transplantations, Islet

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