Biomaterial Database

Oral tolerance and gut-oriented immune response to dietary proteins. 2001

O Alpan

Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 4, Room 111, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20850, USA. oalpan@niaid.nih.gov

Dietary proteins induce both a local immune response characterized by IgA production and systemic immune response characterized by the production of TH2/TH3 cytokines. By influencing the class of immune response, the gut enhances the efficacy of immunity against proteins that enter the body through the diet while, at the same time, ensuring its own safety. This article reviews and summarizes the field of "oral tolerance," with emphasis on recent advancements.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007108	Immune Tolerance	The specific failure of a normally responsive individual to make an immune response to a known antigen. It results from previous contact with the antigen by an immunologically immature individual (fetus or neonate) or by an adult exposed to extreme high-dose or low-dose antigen, or by exposure to radiation, antimetabolites, antilymphocytic serum, etc.	Immunosuppression (Physiology),Immunosuppressions (Physiology),Tolerance, Immune
D004044	Dietary Proteins	Proteins obtained from foods. They are the main source of the ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS.	Proteins, Dietary,Dietary Protein,Protein, Dietary
D004064	Digestive System	A group of organs stretching from the MOUTH to the ANUS, serving to breakdown foods, assimilate nutrients, and eliminate waste. In humans, the digestive system includes the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT and the accessory glands (LIVER; BILIARY TRACT; PANCREAS).	Ailmentary System,Alimentary System
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000941	Antigens	Substances that are recognized by the immune system and induce an immune reaction.	Antigen