Biomaterial Database

Effects of age on nutrient digestibility in chicks fed different diets. 2002

A B Batal, and C M Parsons

Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA.

Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of age on apparent MEn and apparent amino acid (AA) digestibility of various diets for New Hampshire x Columbian (Experiments 1 and 2) and commercial broiler (Experiment 3) male chicks. Excreta were collected at 0 to 2, 3 to 4, 7, 14, and 21 d of age in all experiments, and nutrient digestibility was determined using acid-insoluble ash as a marker. The first experiment evaluated a corn-soybean meal (SBM) diet. Both MEn and digestibility of AA increased with age, and broken-line regression analysis predicted a plateau at 14 d for MEn and 10 d of age for AA digestibility. For example, MEn increased from 2,970 to 3,430 kcal/kg DM, and lysine digestibility increased from 78 to 89% between 0 and 14 d of age. The second experiment evaluated cornstarch-crystalline AA, dextrose-casein, corn-SBM, and corn-canola meal diets. The MEn of the corn-SBM, corn-canola meal, and cornstarch-crystalline AA diets increased from 0 to 14 d of age. In contrast, the MEn of the dextrose-casein diet was high (3,800 kcal/kg DM) immediately after hatching and did not increase substantially with increasing age. Digestibility of AA increased with age for the corn-SBM and corn-canola meal diets, and broken-line regression analysis again predicted a plateau at approximately 10 d of age. Conversely, AA digestibility of the dextrose-casein and cornstarch-crystalline AA diets was high immediately after hatching (93 to 96%) and increased only slightly with age. The results of Experiment 3 with commercial broiler chicks also showed significant (P < 0.05) increases in MEn and AA digestibility with increasing age. The results of this study indicated that the MEn and AA digestibility of corn-SBM and corn-canola meal diets increase with age for young chicks. The results also showed that MEn and AA digestibility were very high for a dextrose-casein diet immediately after hatching. Thus, the latter ingredients may have beneficial effects for very young chicks.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D012044	Regression Analysis	Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.	Regression Diagnostics,Statistical Regression,Analysis, Regression,Analyses, Regression,Diagnostics, Regression,Regression Analyses,Regression, Statistical,Regressions, Statistical,Statistical Regressions
D002149	Energy Intake	Total number of calories taken in daily whether ingested or by parenteral routes.	Caloric Intake,Calorie Intake,Intake, Calorie,Intake, Energy
D002364	Caseins	A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones.	alpha-Casein,gamma-Casein,AD beta-Casein,Acetylated, Dephosphorylated beta-Casein,Casein,Casein A,K-Casein,Sodium Caseinate,alpha(S1)-Casein,alpha(S1)-Casein A,alpha(S1)-Casein B,alpha(S1)-Casein C,alpha(S2)-Casein,alpha-Caseins,beta-Casein,beta-Caseins,epsilon-Casein,gamma-Caseins,kappa-Casein,kappa-Caseins,AD beta Casein,Caseinate, Sodium,K Casein,alpha Casein,alpha Caseins,beta Casein,beta Caseins,beta-Casein Acetylated, Dephosphorylated,beta-Casein, AD,epsilon Casein,gamma Casein,gamma Caseins,kappa Casein,kappa Caseins
D002645	Chickens	Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.	Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D003313	Zea mays	A plant species of the family POACEAE. It is a tall grass grown for its EDIBLE GRAIN, corn, used as food and animal FODDER.	Corn,Indian Corn,Maize,Teosinte,Zea,Corn, Indian
D004032	Diet	Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.	Diets
D004041	Dietary Fats	Fats present in food, especially in animal products such as meat, meat products, butter, ghee. They are present in lower amounts in nuts, seeds, and avocados.	Fats, Dietary,Dietary Fat,Fat, Dietary
D004044	Dietary Proteins	Proteins obtained from foods. They are the main source of the ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS.	Proteins, Dietary,Dietary Protein,Protein, Dietary
D004063	Digestion	The process of breakdown of food for metabolism and use by the body.
D004734	Energy Metabolism	The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.	Bioenergetics,Energy Expenditure,Bioenergetic,Energy Expenditures,Energy Metabolisms,Expenditure, Energy,Expenditures, Energy,Metabolism, Energy,Metabolisms, Energy