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Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxy benzoic acid), a naturally occurring plant phenol, inhibited the proliferation of metastatic tumor cells, such as P815 murine mastocytoma, B16 murine melanoma and L5178 murine lymphoma cells at IC50s of 6.5, 8.0 and 3.6 microg/ml, respectively. P815 mastocytoma cells are known to metastasize specifically to the liver. When DBA/2 mice, injected intravenously with P815 cells, were treated with gallic acid at a concentration of 50 mg/kg, the number of nodules in the liver and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), which had increased as liver metastasis progressed, decreased. However, gallic acid itself did not show a liver protective effect though the life span of DBA/2 mice was extended by gallic acid treatment. These results suggest that gallic acid is able to inhibit liver metastasis, by killing P815 cells metastasized to the liver.
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