One hundred eight patients with low-grade soft tissue sarcoma treated at the authors' institution from 1984 to 1999 were reviewed retrospectively. Low-grade sarcomas were defined as those designated as Grade I of III or Grade I or II of IV. Patients who presented with recurrent tumors or who had multiple procedures at outside institutions were excluded. The patient's gender, age at diagnosis, histologic diagnosis, site and depth of primary involvement, and specimen size at resection were noted. Involvement of periosteum, bone, and neurovascular structures also was recorded. The decision to use radiation therapy was made case-by-case. Indications for preoperative radiation therapy included tumor adjacent to the neurovascular bundle or bone where a marginal surgical margin was anticipated. Indications for postoperative radiation therapy included followup resection of an unsuspected malignancy. Patients were evaluated according to treatment rendered. Sixty-six patients were treated with surgery alone, whereas 42 patients had excision of the tumor in conjunction with radiation therapy. The overall local control rate was 97.2% (105 of 108). There were no statistically significant differences in local recurrence, wound complication, fibrosis, or survival between the two groups. Patients treated with radiation therapy had an increased incidence of postoperative lymphedema. Kaplan-Meier 10-year survival rates were approximately 90% for both groups.