Biomaterial Database

From actinic keratosis to squamous cell carcinoma. 2002

Jean-Paul Ortonne

CHU Nice, Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital l'Archet 2, BP 3079, 06202 Nice cedex, France. ortonne@unice.fr

The development of actinic keratosis (AK) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the result of a complex sequence of events initiated by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. The application of sunscreens prior to sun exposure has been reported to reduce the incidence of AK. The initial damage takes place in the DNA and most of the UV-induced lesions in the DNA are repaired. However, mutations may occur as a result of base mispairing of the cell and its DNA replicate before the DNA lesion is repaired. The genes involved in the repair process are also potential UV targets. Mutations in the tumour suppressor gene p53 are a common feature of AK and SCC. The hairless mouse is the best available animal model, in which lesions resembling human AK (papillomas), keratoacanthomas and SCCs may be induced. This model of multistage carcinogenesis offers an excellent tool for mechanistic studies. The relative efficacy of UV wavelengths (action spectrum) that induce SCC has been determined using the hairless mouse as a model. The action spectrum has been extrapolated to humans skin and is recognised worldwide.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007642	Keratosis	Any horny growth such as a wart or callus.	Keratoderma Blennorrhagicum,Keratoma,Keratosis Blennorrhagica,Blennorrhagica, Keratosis,Blennorrhagicas, Keratosis,Blennorrhagicum, Keratoderma,Blennorrhagicums, Keratoderma,Keratoderma Blennorrhagicums,Keratomas,Keratoses,Keratosis Blennorrhagicas
D011230	Precancerous Conditions	Pathological conditions that tend eventually to become malignant.	Preneoplastic Conditions,Condition, Preneoplastic,Conditions, Preneoplastic,Preneoplastic Condition,Condition, Precancerous,Conditions, Precancerous,Precancerous Condition
D002294	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell	A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	Carcinoma, Epidermoid,Carcinoma, Planocellular,Carcinoma, Squamous,Squamous Cell Carcinoma,Carcinomas, Epidermoid,Carcinomas, Planocellular,Carcinomas, Squamous,Carcinomas, Squamous Cell,Epidermoid Carcinoma,Epidermoid Carcinomas,Planocellular Carcinoma,Planocellular Carcinomas,Squamous Carcinoma,Squamous Carcinomas,Squamous Cell Carcinomas
D004195	Disease Models, Animal	Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012878	Skin Neoplasms	Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.	Cancer of Skin,Skin Cancer,Cancer of the Skin,Neoplasms, Skin,Cancer, Skin,Cancers, Skin,Neoplasm, Skin,Skin Cancers,Skin Neoplasm
D051379	Mice	The common name for the genus Mus.	Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus
D018450	Disease Progression	The worsening and general progression of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.	Clinical Course,Clinical Progression,Disease Exacerbation,Exacerbation, Disease,Progression, Clinical,Progression, Disease