Biomaterial Database

The sensitizing potential of various biocides in the guinea pig maximization test. 2002

Danièle Zissu

Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Vandoeuvre, France. zissu@inrs.fr

Biocides are chemicals used as preservatives added to most cosmetics and toiletries and to industrial water-based products such as cutting fluids, paints and glues. There are numerous biocide formulations used in water-based metalworking fluids. All these products, characterized by a low molecular weight, can react with endogenous proteins and may induce allergic contact dermatitis. Thus, numerous reports on occupational allergic contact dermatitis have been published. The purpose of this experimental study was to compare the sensitizing potential of the various classes of biocides used in metalworking fluids by means of the maximization test of Magnusson & Kligman. The results show that, from the 9 samples tested, 7 biocides induced sensitization varying in grade from moderate to strong, while 2 benzisothiazoline-based samples did not induce allergic contact dermatitis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D011310	Preservatives, Pharmaceutical	Substances added to pharmaceutical preparations to protect them from chemical change or microbial action. They include ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS and antioxidants.	Pharmaceutic Aids (Preservatives),Pharmaceutic Preservative,Pharmaceutic Preservatives,Pharmaceutical Preservative,Pharmaceutical Preservatives,Preservative, Pharmaceutic,Preservative, Pharmaceutical,Preservatives, Pharmaceutic
D004202	Disinfectants	Substances used on inanimate objects that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. Disinfectants are classed as complete, destroying SPORES as well as vegetative forms of microorganisms, or incomplete, destroying only vegetative forms of the organisms. They are distinguished from ANTISEPTICS, which are local anti-infective agents used on humans and other animals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)	Biocide,Disinfectant,Biocides
D005260	Female		Females
D006168	Guinea Pigs	A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.	Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D000485	Allergens	Antigen-type substances that produce immediate hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE).	Allergen
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012882	Skin Tests	Epicutaneous or intradermal application of a sensitizer for demonstration of either delayed or immediate hypersensitivity. Used in diagnosis of hypersensitivity or as a test for cellular immunity.	Skin Test,Test, Skin,Tests, Skin
D017449	Dermatitis, Allergic Contact	A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization to various substances. These substances subsequently produce inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure.	Allergic Contact Dermatitis,Dermatitis, Allergic Eczematous,Dermatitis, Contact, Allergic,Allergic Contact Dermatitides,Allergic Eczematous Dermatitides,Allergic Eczematous Dermatitis,Contact Dermatitides, Allergic,Contact Dermatitis, Allergic,Dermatitides, Allergic Contact,Dermatitides, Allergic Eczematous,Eczematous Dermatitides, Allergic,Eczematous Dermatitis, Allergic