Evidence of Rickettsia typhi and the potential for murine typhus in Jayapura, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. 2002

Allen L Richards, and Eko Rahardjo, and A Faisal Rusjdi, and Daryl J Kelly, and Gregory A Dasch, and Cole J Church, and Michael J Bangs
U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. RichardsA@nmrc.navy.mil

Murine typhus (etiologic agent: Rickettsia typhi) is endemic to Indonesia, especially on the highly populated island of Java. A survey of rodents from Irian Jaya, the eastern-most province of Indonesia, indicated striking geographic variation in risk factors associated with murine typhus. Murid rodents (n = 112) collected from two villages in the Arso district of northeastern Irian Jaya, were found to be free of ectoparasites normally associated with transmission of R. typhi (i.e., Xenopsylla cheopis). All rodents (n = 72) tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were negative for antibodies to R. typhi, whereas 12.5% (9/72) were positive for antibodies to Orienta tsutsugamushi. In contrast, both Rattus norvegicus and R. rattles (combined n = 87) from the harbor area of the provincial capital, Jayapura, were infested with flea ectoparasites. X. cheopis was found on 31 (35.6%) of the live-captured rodents. Serum samples from nine of 82 rodents contained antibodies reactive to R. typhi (11.0%). These data show for the first time that rodents exposed to R. typhi are well established in Jayapura, and that some of these rodents harbor fleas potentially capable of transmitting murine typhus and plague.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007214 Indonesia A republic stretching from the Indian Ocean east to New Guinea, comprising six main islands: Java, Sumatra, Bali, Kalimantan (the Indonesian portion of the island of Borneo), Sulawesi (formerly known as the Celebes) and Irian Jaya (the western part of New Guinea). Its capital is Djakarta. The ethnic groups living there are largely Chinese, Arab, Eurasian, Indian, and Pakistani; 85% of the peoples are of the Islamic faith. Celebes,Indonesian New Guinea,Irian Jaya,Java,Madoera,Netherlands East Indies,New Guinea, Indonesian,New Guinea, West,Sulawesi,Sumatra,Timor,West Irian,Bali,East Indies,Madura,Malay Archipelago
D009115 Muridae A family of the order Rodentia containing 250 genera including the two genera Mus (MICE) and Rattus (RATS), from which the laboratory inbred strains are developed. The fifteen subfamilies are SIGMODONTINAE (New World mice and rats), CRICETINAE, Spalacinae, Myospalacinae, Lophiomyinae, ARVICOLINAE, Platacanthomyinae, Nesomyinae, Otomyinae, Rhizomyinae, GERBILLINAE, Dendromurinae, Cricetomyinae, MURINAE (Old World mice and rats), and Hydromyinae. Murids,Murid
D004478 Ectoparasitic Infestations Infestations by PARASITES which live on, or burrow into, the surface of their host's EPIDERMIS. Most ectoparasites are ARTHROPODS. Ectoparasitic Infestation,Infestation, Ectoparasitic,Infestations, Ectoparasitic
D004797 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed. ELISA,Assay, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Assays, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays,Immunosorbent Assay, Enzyme-Linked,Immunosorbent Assays, Enzyme-Linked
D005423 Siphonaptera An order of parasitic, blood-sucking, wingless INSECTS with the common name of fleas. Aphaniptera,Fleas,Flea
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000907 Antibodies, Bacterial Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS. Bacterial Antibodies
D012285 Orientia tsutsugamushi A gram-negative, rod-shaped to coccoid bacterium. It is the etiologic agent of SCRUB TYPHUS in humans and is transmitted by mites from rodent reservoirs. Rickettsia tsutsugamushi
D012286 Rickettsia typhi The etiologic agent of murine typhus (see TYPHUS, ENDEMIC FLEA-BORNE).
D014437 Typhus, Endemic Flea-Borne An infectious disease clinically similar to epidemic louse-borne typhus (TYPHUS, EPIDEMIC LOUSE-BORNE), but caused by RICKETTSIA TYPHI, which is transmitted from rat to man by the rat flea, XENOPSYLLA CHEOPIS. Murine Typhus,Typhus, Murine,Endemic Typhus,Murine Typhus Infection,Rickettsia typhi Infection,Endemic Flea-Borne Typhus,Flea-Borne Typhus, Endemic,Infection, Murine Typhus,Infection, Rickettsia typhi,Infections, Murine Typhus,Infections, Rickettsia typhi,Murine Typhus Infections,Rickettsia typhi Infections,Typhus Infection, Murine,Typhus Infections, Murine,Typhus, Endemic,Typhus, Endemic Flea Borne

Related Publications

Allen L Richards, and Eko Rahardjo, and A Faisal Rusjdi, and Daryl J Kelly, and Gregory A Dasch, and Cole J Church, and Michael J Bangs
December 1977, The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health,
Allen L Richards, and Eko Rahardjo, and A Faisal Rusjdi, and Daryl J Kelly, and Gregory A Dasch, and Cole J Church, and Michael J Bangs
June 1978, The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health,
Allen L Richards, and Eko Rahardjo, and A Faisal Rusjdi, and Daryl J Kelly, and Gregory A Dasch, and Cole J Church, and Michael J Bangs
July 2003, Emerging infectious diseases,
Allen L Richards, and Eko Rahardjo, and A Faisal Rusjdi, and Daryl J Kelly, and Gregory A Dasch, and Cole J Church, and Michael J Bangs
October 1995, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America,
Allen L Richards, and Eko Rahardjo, and A Faisal Rusjdi, and Daryl J Kelly, and Gregory A Dasch, and Cole J Church, and Michael J Bangs
August 1993, Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology,
Allen L Richards, and Eko Rahardjo, and A Faisal Rusjdi, and Daryl J Kelly, and Gregory A Dasch, and Cole J Church, and Michael J Bangs
June 1980, The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health,
Allen L Richards, and Eko Rahardjo, and A Faisal Rusjdi, and Daryl J Kelly, and Gregory A Dasch, and Cole J Church, and Michael J Bangs
January 2006, Parasitology international,
Allen L Richards, and Eko Rahardjo, and A Faisal Rusjdi, and Daryl J Kelly, and Gregory A Dasch, and Cole J Church, and Michael J Bangs
March 1996, Papua and New Guinea medical journal,
Allen L Richards, and Eko Rahardjo, and A Faisal Rusjdi, and Daryl J Kelly, and Gregory A Dasch, and Cole J Church, and Michael J Bangs
June 1992, Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology,
Allen L Richards, and Eko Rahardjo, and A Faisal Rusjdi, and Daryl J Kelly, and Gregory A Dasch, and Cole J Church, and Michael J Bangs
June 1999, The Journal of parasitology,
Copied contents to your clipboard!