Biomaterial Database

Effects of antioxidants on surfactant peroxidation by stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 2002

Rabea K L Bouhafs, and Connie Jarstrand

Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge University Hospital, S-14186 Stockholm, Sweden.

Production of oxygen radicals by stimulated phagocytes followed by surfactant lipid peroxidation (LPO) and loss of surfactant function have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. We studied the interactions between natural lung surfactant (Curosurf) and neutrophils in vitro, and compared various antioxidants; (superoxide dismutase (SOD), vitamin E, vitamin C, ebselen and melatonin), or combinations of them in duplicate and triplicate regarding their ability to decrease superoxide production and the peroxidation level of surfactant caused by activated phagocytes. The superoxide production of neutrophils activated by Candida albicans was measured with the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test. The subsequent LPO was estimated as the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxyalkenals (4-HNE). We found that lung surfactant decreased the superoxide production by activated neutrophils (29.7%) and that Curosurf was peroxidized with elevated MDA/4-HNE values. With supplements of antioxidants (except vitamin C), superoxide radical production and the surfactant LPO level fell in a dose-dependent manner. The protective effect of the antioxidants differed in each test. SOD had a slight effect in both tests. The findings with vitamin E, melatonin and ebselen were similar. The best combination was that of a natural and a synthetic antioxidant (melatonin-ebselen) with a 60% decrease in comparison to the corresponding control. These findings suggest that antioxidants, particularly in combination, prevent LPO of lung surfactant.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008315	Malondialdehyde	The dialdehyde of malonic acid.	Malonaldehyde,Propanedial,Malonylaldehyde,Malonyldialdehyde,Sodium Malondialdehyde,Malondialdehyde, Sodium
D008550	Melatonin	A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant.
D009504	Neutrophils	Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.	LE Cells,Leukocytes, Polymorphonuclear,Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes,Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils,Neutrophil Band Cells,Band Cell, Neutrophil,Cell, LE,LE Cell,Leukocyte, Polymorphonuclear,Neutrophil,Neutrophil Band Cell,Neutrophil, Polymorphonuclear,Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte,Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil
D009580	Nitroblue Tetrazolium	Colorless to yellow dye that is reducible to blue or black formazan crystals by certain cells; formerly used to distinguish between nonbacterial and bacterial diseases, the latter causing neutrophils to reduce the dye; used to confirm diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease.	Nitro-BT,Nitrotetrazolium Blue,Tetrazolium Nitroblue,Blue, Nitrotetrazolium,Nitroblue, Tetrazolium,Tetrazolium, Nitroblue
D010084	Oxidation-Reduction	A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).	Redox,Oxidation Reduction
D010586	Phagocytes	Cells that can carry out the process of PHAGOCYTOSIS.	Phagocyte,Phagocytic Cell,Phagocytic Cells,Cell, Phagocytic,Cells, Phagocytic
D010743	Phospholipids	Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.	Phosphatides,Phospholipid
D011663	Pulmonary Surfactants	Substances and drugs that lower the SURFACE TENSION of the mucoid layer lining the PULMONARY ALVEOLI.	Surfactants, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Surfactant,Surfactant, Pulmonary
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia